The Customer Supply Chain Business Essay

The guest tack on Chain Business moveThe report consists of a project entitled Pillsbury Customer Driven Reengineering under askn as a part of the course curriculum for the subject Business surgery Reengineering (BPR). As a part of this project, after reading the lineament, a preaching took place between all the group members so as to clearly identify the problem definition.As a next step, discussion of the non-homogeneous issues faced by Pillsbury were discusses followed by the evaluation of the causes undertaken by it. Competitive pressures, engine room advances, and demanding consumer preferences were causing all companies in the viands industriousness to reexamine their trading operations and attempt to eliminate waste and inefficiency through verboten the solid food scope. The Efficient Consumer receipt (ECR) effort was a multi-industry project, ECRs goals were to reduce cost and drive inventory take aims tear through step up the system, slice simultaneously en hancing capabilities to becoming the needs of diverse consumer food market segments.Pillsbury executives were faint whether their bon ton was prep bed for the impertinently ECR environment. So, this report basically includes the stainless experience involved in undertaking the planning of BPR at Pillsbury and the versatile chassiss it went through during the transition and the challenge faced by it i.e. whether to go for a continuous progress program having a short term deliberate or a design of processes which was more(prenominal) futuristic.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYTo figure the practicable implementation of BPR classroom conceptsTo understand the degree of interlinkingity involved in planning BPR implementationTo understand the splendor of customer driven reengineering cash advance in order to adopt a tweak strategy for the perfect fork over chain i.e. wear matching Pillsburys purchasing, manu incidenturing, and scattering operations to consumers purchasesTo understand how to use the available resources in an optimum mannerTo understand the implications of a continuous improvement program Vs Redesign of processes.To understand the importance and criticality of various performance treasures like first principle costing.COMPANY INTRODUCTIONPillsburyis a blot name used byMinneapolis-establishGeneral tarryandOrrville, Ohio-basedJ.M. Smucker Company. Historically, thePillsbury Company, overly based in Minneapolis, was a rival company to General Mills and was one of the worlds largest producers ofgrainand other foodstuffs until it was bought- unwrap by General Mills in 2001.Antitrustlaw necessary General Mills to care s oddity off some of the increases. General Mills kept the rights to refrigerated and frozen Pillsbury returns, while drybakingproducts and frosting are now sold by Smucker under license.Leo Burnettwho created PillsburysDoughboyandJolly Green gargantuanconsiders them two of the agencys lift five brand icons.ProdPack- Pillsbury-Cakemix-Small.jpgNOTABLE ACHIEVEMENTSPillsbury once claimed to hasten the largest grainmillin the world at thePillsbury A Milloverlooking beau ideal Anthony Fallson theMississippi Riverin Minneapolis. The building had two of the nearly powerful direct-drivewaterwheelsever built, each putting out 1200horsepower(900kW). on that point are now plans to transmute it into a loft-style apartment building. The Cunningham Group plans to convert six historic buildings to a mixed-use project varying from 6 to 27 floors in height. The project will include 895 units of housing and 175,000 square feet (16, three hundredm2) of commercial-grade space, including the Pillsbury A Mill.HISTORYThe company originated in 1869 whenCharles A. Pillsburybought a share in a Minneapolis flour mill. After the purchase of additional mills and the mental hospital of enhancements to the milling process, his firm was reorganized in 1872 as C.A. Pillsbury and Company. It was sold in 1889 to an English syndicate, which merged Pillsbury with other mills in their holdings to form Pillsbury-Washburn flour Mills Company, Ltd., with Charles Pillsbury as managing director. The Pillsbury family re introduceed ownership of the company in the 1920s, and it was structured as Pillsbury Flour Mills Company in 1935. In 1972 Pillsbury began purchasingBurger pansy fast-food outlets, and it soon came to own the full chain. Through theGreen Giant Company, acquired in 1979, it began selling canned and frozen vegetables and frozen prepared foods. It also acquired Hagen-Dazs, maker of premium ice cream and frozen yogurt, in 1983.Pillsbury was have by British company Grand Metropolitan, PLC (renamed Diageo PLC) from 1989 to 2001, whenGeneral Millsacquired roughly of Pillsburys assets (Burger King remained as a separate divergence of Diageo until 2002). The Hagen-Dazs brand was marketed through a joint licensing agreement withNestland General Mills.PRODUCTSThe company manufactures a wide variety of consumer food products under the Pillsbury brand, including frozen biscuits and rolls, breakfast foods, biscuit popsicle, cake mixes, and snack foodhttp//s3.amazonaws.com/gmi-digital-library/8b86b131-cccf-4292-b584-d216cf00fdd7.jpgBiscuitsBreads Grands Cinnamon RollsCinnamon RollsBuffalo Chicken Crescent PuffsReady To Bake quisling BrandsStrawberry Marshmallow PieBiscuits, pies, flour, pizza pie crust, cookies, crescents, cinnamon rolls and various partner brands like Green Giant and Cascadian Farm.CASE INTRODUCTIONPillsbury entered Customer Driven reengineering initiative expecting to flow across meaningful levels of cost decline and efficiency. To its delight, it also discovered a impudent-fashioned fashion to compete.Competitive pressures, technology advances, and demanding consumer preferences were causing all companies in the food industry to reexamine their operations and attempt to eliminate waste and inefficiency throughout the food chain. The Efficient Consume r Response (ECR) effort was a multi-industry project .ECRs goals were to reduce cost and drive inventory levels down throughout the system, while simultaneously enhancing capabilities to meet the needs of diverse consumer market segments. Pillsbury executives were unsure whether their company was prepared for the new ECR environment.The executives perceived that Pillsbury lacked several critical capabilities to develop in this new environment. In 1991, Dan Crowley as Controller of Green Giant, had launched an activity-based cost (ABC) initiative to examine the groups towering cost structure. The study revealed startling plant-to-plant variations in costs for essentially the equal process, large dispersion of actual costs from the companys standard cost per case.In August 1993, Crowley and Slocumb took a BPR proposal to CEO, Paul Walshs, Strategy and Policy Group, which comprised the di pot presidents of Pillsburys major condescension sector units and the top functional departme nt heads. The proposal identify a process which would complement Pillsburys existing strategic plan to secure top quartile financial performance amongst its strategic peers.The case describes the various efforts undertaken by Pillsbury during this transition and the various phases of the reengineering problem detailing various activities undertaken in all phase. The major challenge faced has been a choice between design of processes or continuous improvement because the cigarette set in the preceding stages seemed a bit too achievable in the later stages contract FOR REENGINEERINGCustomers perceived Pillsbury as an average company, non the best, non the worst, and without much innovation. nates Mann, Senior delinquency President and General Sales Manager, and some other neophyte to the Pillsbury senior instruction team, concurred with McWilliams assessment We were viewed as a laid- patronage midwestern company, one that institute it difficult to create a sense of urgency .McWilliams snarl that Pillsbury had to become a different company if it was to change the perception of customers.Pillsbury executives were unsure whether their company was prepared for the new ECR environment. The executives perceived that Pillsbury lacked several critical capabilities to win in this new environment.First, the company was still organized according to handed-down functional by-lines purchasing, operations, distribution, finance, and marketing and sales. This establishment led to local excellence and optimisation of the singular functions but not necessarily to the optimization of the entire evaluate chain.Second, the companys financial measurements and performance measurement system reinforced local optimization.The food market had become fragmentise and the majority finishs taken by the consumer were make in the retail environment diluting the effect of the brand image. Thus Pillsbury had another challenge to transform its gird length relationship with t he retailers (transaction based) to relationship oriented.DRIVERS FOR BPR AT PILLSBURYHighly competitive environment.Pillsbury lacking the necessary capabilities to compete in such(prenominal) environment.Lack of optimization of the entire encourage chain.The need to transform the arms length relationship with the retailers.To have an Information system to enable fact based marketingTo develop a customer driven make out chain i.e. transition from push to pull strategy of supply chainEye opening results of activity based costings. The project team prepared the classic ABC whale curve which showed a few product lines producing all the profits, with the rest SKUs either breaking-even or losing money. found on the insights from the ABC analysis, Green Giant management closed close a half dozen plants and consolidated operations more competently in the remaining plants. Crowley consequently took on a broader finance role at bottom Pillsbury as Operations Controller and extended the ABC analysis to many of the dough manufacturing plants.Pillsbury now had good insights close to the cost drivers for its cost of goods sold. The weak striking was developing comparable study for its warehouse, sales, marketing, and promotion expenses. It had no ability to hint these expenses to its customers so that it could produce individual customer PLs.Skepticism that TQM was delivering its promised benefits to the PL bottom line within a reasonable time frame. For example, an internal study compared companies cognize to have adopted TQM principles with a control sample of non- TQM companies. The study found no discernible difference in financial performance between the two sets of companies.PROCESS MAPPINGSVISION Crowley and Slocumbs vision of a potential for 15% cost improvement (about $300 one cardinal million) in a staid and farm food processing company was met with some understandable skepticism and disbelief. patronage that, Walsh and his management team tryd to Crowley and Slocumb a modest budget and 90 days to develop a business case to determine whether a $300 million cost reduction was possible.Crowley was appointed to a new position, ungodliness President for Customer Driven Reengineering, and Slocumb became Vice President for Business accomplish Reengineering. The business case was to focus on cost and margin improvements in three major divisions Pillsbury branded products, the Green Giant products, and the frozen pizza businesses. These businesses had $2.5 billion of sales in Fiscal Year 1994.Reengineering mannikin IThe Pillsbury team selected a consulting firm to work with them to help build the business case. Three months of analysis led to identifying three core business processes that offered targets for improvement Customer Supply Chain Brand watchfulness New proceeds CommercializationThe Customer Supply Chain (CSC) was decomposed into three sub-processes Total Customer Development Fast Flow Demand Replenishment Value B ased Sourcing and SupplyThe team then proceeded to identify the opportunities for process improvement within each of the three CSC sub-processes.CUsersdellDesktop9-c89015168d.jpgCUsersdellDesktop10-19289f286e.jpgValue Based Sourcing And SupplyThe third CSC sub-process, Value Based Sourcing and Supply, focused on Pillsburys extremely complex system of vendors and sourcing arrangements for its more than $500 million of raw material purchases.Historically, Pillsbury had rock-bottom its material costs by exerting price pressure on its suppliers. still gains from such price pressure were considered limited. The project team believed that more on the table and robust ingredient specification would allow them to select more efficient vendors, and that additional gains could be realized by leveraging vendor resources and knowledge. To gain these benefits, however, vendors would have to become partners with Pillsbury in a total cost reduction process. Cost savings from Value Based Sourcin g and Supply were estimated at about $40 million (around 8% of purchases), plus savings in working capital reduction of about $14million.Outputs of phase 1 A business plan that promised margin improvements through cost reductions and revenue enhancements of more than $ hundred million, plus reductions in working capital of about $25 million.Reengineering form IIPhase II was launched in January 1994 to determine whether the business case developed in Phase I was feasible and realistic.About 25 Pillsbury employees, supported by the external consultants, spent four months analyzing customer information bases on more than century top accounts, conducted in-depth interviews with key customers and suppliers, and mapping and assessing the give tongue to of all existing internal business processes in the customer supply chain.The study of internal processes revealed highly complex, time-consuming processes with dozens of handoffs, and multiple cycle of requests for decisions and resour ce authorizations. The customer interviews revealed that important food retailers, wholesalers, and brokers were moving aggressively prior with plans for category management. Category management promised to give retailers far more impressive management capabilities over their farm animal shelf space allocations, SKU rationalization, and demographic marketing plans.The Phase II studies confirmed the vision established at the end of Phase I (see Exhibit 17)that reengineering the customer supply chain could provide upwards of $100 million in benefits.About half would come from working more closely with customers-adopting a more focused customer segmentation strategy, targeted marketing using local demographic information on consumer purchasing behavior, and exploiting store-specific cost and profitability information to promote the well-nigh useful mix of brands and SKUs for both Pillsbury and the local store. The other half would come from better managing Pillsburys entire supply chain-from growers and other key vendors, through manufacturing, transportation and distribution to warehouses and individual stores.It needed to take activity-based costing (ABC) down to retail store level PLs. The old financial model calculated standard costs per case and produced product line PLs. The new model will measure activity-based costs of entire processes and give Pillsbury customer PLs.Service based set shifting its pricing focus so that it can charge more for special dish outs that some of our customers may desire but that others do not want. It can define a base level of service that e very(prenominal)one receives, with an explicit statement of what that includes.Major change in measurement performance measurements will need to be driven by customers and consumers expectationsTHE CHALLENGEIn June 1994, the Pillsbury team had completed the customer analysis and was ready to move into redesign. ahead the meeting to present the findings and recommendations to the Int egration Committee, Slocumb expressed some concern about the current set of recommendations.The business case to achieve $100 million in cost savings and margin enhancements was then credible. further the target may be too reachable. People may obtain the $100 million in cost savings from local process improvements, not from the complete redesign of its high-level business processes that were described in Phase I. the target of $100 million had come to be the objective or else than the fundamental redesign of our Customer Supply Chain.If we get $100 million in benefits, thats certainly a worthy goal, but it will not redefine the organization. We have a choice whether to be a company with a $25 stock price, or take the actions that will take us to a $50 stock price., Tom Debrowski, Senior Vice President of Operations and Chairman of the Integration CommitteeDECISIONPillsbury should be re-designing the organization around customer and consumer prizes to create a new and sustainable competitive advantage. It should strive to be the best in providing the freshest product at the lowest cost to retailers along with unique consumer insights from its superior information systems.It can achieve the $100 million without redefining the course they do business. But to achieve the $300 million, it will have to become a very different supply organization. It will have to get the supply chain to a high level of competitive fitness by get cost savings that will make it more efficient than its competitors, and, then generating growth through its value-added consumer insights, getting the right product to the shelf at the right time at low cost to the retailers. The largest barrier for achieving this level of competitive fitness is introducing and managing change. Multi-skilled, multi-functional teams, including finance, need to be working with our customers.SOLUTIONTo achieve the $300 million improvements, Pillsbury needed to approach the organization with a exclusively open mind, to think the unthinkable. It will force it to think completely out of the box if they are going to achieve benefits of that magnitude. They need to stop managing individual functional departments, and begin to manage core operating processes.With the old model, the manufacturer, the distributor, and the retailer each attempts to optimize its own operations. The new way, through reengineering, should enable them to optimally source raw materials, convert to finished goods, distribute to trade customers, and sell to consumers in ways that minimize total system cost. By ascertain who can do each process in the chain most efficiently, it can let that process get through with(p) only once, at the most efficient site. That way it can eliminate waste from the system.REENGINEERING military rankThe success needs the following. The Analysis, Design and Prototype yielded the pain areas and laid out the broad road maps. But implementation needs the following to be successful Senio r management must drive reengineering initiatives with a well-articulated vision that is appropriate for the situation.IT is an undervalued asset that can be tapped through reengineering to transform a company from a make-and-sell-oriented enterprise to a sense-and-respond-oriented enterprise.Successful implementation of reengineering projects requires the intricacy and participation of the companys managers and employees. Consultants and outsourcing are important for various aspects of a reengineering project, but they are insufficient without the buy-in from managers and professionals in the organization.Business process can be silklike or reengineered, but to change the long-term economic picture, a break initiative needs to encompass the reevaluation of communication systems and the sharing of intellectual assets.The organization should have a clear target in mind, whether it is to incorporate a continuous improvement philosophy or a complete redesign of processes.AFTER EFFEC TS OF REENGINEERING EFFORTSDuring the last three years, the entire strategic means of the company has changed.Selling off the flour mills was an epochal event. It was a major cultural shock to many people inside and away the organization who thought of Pillsbury as a vertically-integrated flour manufacturing company.They have exhibit that they can become a consumer-based company that is prepared to get out of operations that do not add value.An integration of the entire value chain was the target driven by the customers leading to a pull based strategy. Information systems were to enhance the communication capabilities to incorporate fact based marketing.Major cultural change was seen with the relationship with the customers transforming from merely an arms length relationshipMajor improvements in expenses and profitability were expected rendering Pillsbury with the capabilities required in such competitive environment.CONCLUSIONThe problems initially faced by Pillsbury required a complete redesign of the processes and not merely a continuous improvement effort. Thus the decision taken by the management to extend the target to $300 million was a correct decision if a long term view was to be considered.The major changes that were to incorporated as a result of this BPR effort were necessary for Pills burry to have the necessary capabilities to compete in the highly fragmented and competitive market.The reengineering effort was well planned in various phases describing the various considerations of each phase starting with the development of a business case followed by its feasibleness analysis. The areas chosen for improvement wereCustomer Supply ChainBrand ManagementNew Product CommercializationThese areas provided peachy opportunity for integration of the entire value chain and to transform into a pull based value chain with the customer as the major driver.The efforts undertaken have led to great motivation amongst all the stakeholders and they believe that Pillsbury is not a laid back organization anymore. Their customers are enthusiastic about shifting from changing the way they do business together and are willing to endorse new relationships, such as service-based pricing.LEARNINGSThe importance of manufacturer-retailer relationship in this highly fragmented market.The difference in continuous improvement efforts and redesign of processesHow to approach a BPR problem in a systematic way demarcating the tasks to be done in a particular order in various phases.The importance of techniques like ABC Costing and the utilization of the revelations such techniques make

Love in the Time of Cholera | Analysis

Love in the Time of Cholera compend Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Love in the Time of Cholera mint be see as a ro publicce fable in which star-crossed hunch forwardrs meet, are thence torn apart, and half a century later fall into strike out with one a nonher re-igniting the flame that fate stole from them. However, the romance of Florentino Ariza and Fermina Daza is non one of those stories. What may gain initially appeared to be an innocent yarn about fill in may not be. M. Keith Booker has demonstrated that the novel provides warnings over against gullibility in reading, and indeed, there are several(prenominal) incidents early in Love in the Time of Cholera that inform the reader that appearances can be deceiving. In the novel, bask is a sickness a computer computer virus that eats away the shopping centre of a man. The misrepresentation of cheat that Florentino Ariza feels is a decaying disease destroying his physical and mental form turning him into an apparition of welted camellias. The illness was injected into Florentino Ariza as he walked into the Dazas house. It was half in ruins, with weeds in the flowerpots and a stone fountain with no water, (54) standing in front. The house sentiency the sickness to come to Florentino. Flowers throughout the rest of the novel take the core of the love mingled with Florentino and Fermina, exclusively to miss the setting of the first opposition of the two lovers is to misinterpret the entirety of the novel. The weeds in the flowerpots is the false love they share, the weeds are a valueless plants gro make headwayg wild, those that grow on the cultivated ground and add injury to the desired crop which in this case is the love amid Florentino and Fermina. The fountain once again represents the emptiness of Florentino and Ferminas love as well as Florentino himself. From first seeing Fermina in the house on Florentino began his secret emotional state-time as a unsocial hunter in which he sat unde rneath the shade of the almond trees.(56, 56) The twine almonds is the scent of the fate of unrequited love, (2) the scent that is associated with Jeremiah de Saint Amours death, and the scent of Fermina Daza. The suicide of Jeremiah de Saint Amour sets up the foreshadowing of Florentinos love and what it go forth become do to him. It is no wonder that the scent of bitter almonds (2) is compared to that of cyanide, as well as the smell of Fermina. The intoxicating aroma of Fermina fills Florentinos heart with crystals ultimately killing him there in the park as he endows her with incredible virtues and imaginary sentiments. (56) In other words, he mentationlizes her. It is this unrealistic conception of Fermina that leads to a half-century of waiting, watching and stalking, infected by the weeds of love. Marquez wrote When he began to wait for the upshot to his first letter, his anguish was complicated by diarrhea and green vomit, be became disoriented and suffered from sudd en fainting spells, and his mother was terrified because his condition did not check the turmoil of love so much as the devastation of epidemic cholera ..he had the weak pulse, hoarse breathing, and pale perspiration of a dying manHe prescribed infusions of linden blossoms to calm the nerves and suggested a stir of air so he could aline consolation in outgo, but Florentino Ariza longed for just the opposite to enjoy his martyrdom. (61, 62, 62)Florentino Ariza literally takes on the sickness of love, as if Fermina had infected him with a bacterial disease known as Cholera. Marquez advisedly parallels the sickness of cholera and Florentinos love sickness to exploit the falseness of the love felt by Florentino. The fact that Florentino enjoys his suffering points out the reality of his feelings for Fermina, that he does love her that he is in love with the suffering caused by the idea of loving her. Fermina is an independent, headstrong person who is sophisticated and capable Fe rmina prides herself on her unfaltering, compulsive composure. Marquez depicts her as a level headed woman whose ideals are realistic, therefore it is of no concern when she writes to Florentino saying When I saw you, I realized that what is between us is nothing more(prenominal) than an conjuring trick.(102). although, critic ___________ believes that Fermina is impulsive based arrive at her sudden realization, in actuality she is solely grown. The time apart from Florentino has taught her that the love between them was truly an illusion that was built up in their bewares. She came to the conclusion that the love was nothing more than a childhood crush. However, Florentino did not have the survival to grow from Fermina because the separation was nothing new to him. The Fermina Daza he loved was not a physical woman but a sickness outpouring through his veins, she was a phantom of improbable virtues and imaginary sentiments. (56) Fermina the phantom was evermore with Florent ino, she was in his mind and no amount of time could take that away from him. From the moment he gave his letter to Fermina he locked himself into a prison enumerate the days until he could be free from his self made prison. The virus of Fermina did not break even after the fifty-one years and club months and four days (103) of waiting, for the prison he built was solely a monument to Fermina. He based the entirety of his life on her and achieving her as if she was a golden prize to win. When Florentino sees her for the first time from her honeymoon, he re-iterates his dedicate for her. Marquez writesThe day that Florentino Ariza saw Fermina Daza in the atrium of the Cathedral, in the sixth month of her maternity and in full command of her new condition as a woman of the world, he made a fierce decision to win fame and fortune in order to deserve her.(165)Florentino based the rest of his life on solely deceaseing Fermina, not even to marry her as Marquez makes sure not to menti on but to deserve her once again suggesting that the love he felt was one of falsehood. Any chance of Florentino of aliment his life for him in the chance of happiness is shattered here. Any substance that could be squeezed from him is abolished once again in seeing Fermina from a place six months pregnant, the fact that he saw her pregnant from a distance reinforces that Florentino does not perceive of Fermina as an actually person but kinda that woman in his mind. His fierce decision was beyond the thought of a rational man, for Fermina was wed and was pregnant to represent that marriage. However, this point in Florentinos life is when he leave behind stop at nothing to obtain his ambition of Fermina. He devotes his life to the river company until the day he can reach Fermina. Florentino becomes a man in the background to walk the dark urban center nights he lives his adult life in the shadows of women. Feeling that sex eases the irritation of Fermina Daza (). (( He puts himself in to personal business with other woman whether they are married or not. The narrator only describes a very small separate of his six hundred and twenty-two long-term affairs, but of the ones he does relate, several offer a picture of a man less than merit of Ferminas or any womans love. One of Florentinos lovers, Olimpia Zuleta, is murdered by her husband when she unwittingly shows him the possessive inscription that Florentino painted on her belly. It is also revealed late in the novel that Florentino is a rapist who, after impregnating a maid female genital organ his house, bribes her to put the blame on her innocent sweetheart. Perhaps approximately condemn is Florentinos seduction of Amrica Vicuia, his fourteen-year-old blood relative who is entrusted to him while she attends secondary school. What is most disturbing in his alliance with this girl is the manipulation he uses to induce the illusion of acquiescence. When he meets her, she is still a little girl with the scrapes of unsophisticated school on her knees, but Florentino spends a year cultivating her with ice bat and childish afternoons, until closingly winning her confidence and affection. These are love affairs not one night stands, Florentino had feelings for these women (some of them anyway), this love life points out the falsehood of Florentinos love for Fermina. He manipulates woman, all of them. From the time he receives Ferminas letter of insults, Florentino begins to overdress a new strategy a new method of seduction.() He plans everything down to the last detail, as if it were the final battle.() He departs from his usual echoic writing style and composes an extensive meditation on life which he disguises in the patriarchal style of an old mans memories. The letters help Fermina find new reasons to go on living, but Florentinos cunning plans complicate what she interprets as heartfelt emotions. He is also dishonest with her in person when she asks him why he nev er competed in the Poetic Festivals, he lies to her () and says that he wrote only for her.() It is true that part of his intention is to give Fermina the courage to discard the prejudices() of society, and to remember of love as a state of grace,() but his contemptible retiring(a) makes it impossible to differentiate his good motives from his selfish, destructive ones.)) Marquez expels Florentino and Ferminas false love during the final pages of the book. He depicts a forsaken country on the river were the elderly couple go down on down. The river became muddy and narrow flatlands mooringped of entire timberlandwinds that had been devoured by the boilers of the riverboats there were no more wars or epidemics, but the swollen bodies still floated by.(336) Florentinos relationship with Fermina was not as full but rather a narrow and muddy. The life he led with the sole purpose of being with Fermina and the illusion that followed striped the forest of his life send leaving not hing but flatlands.(336) The monomaniac idealism of Florentino leads him to strip away everything in his life other than the muddy and narrow (336) river that is his relationship with Fermina. Even though he defeats all the wars and epidemics (336) in order to reach Fermina there are still corpses that float by, the corpses of falsehood and past lovers. The love between them is as narrow as the river. Florentino is as dead and bare as the country side. The ultimate contradiction comes in the very last words of Florentino in which he tells the captain to sail the New faithfulness (343) to sail forever.(348) The impossibility of that statement at first glance seems as the perfect way to end a romantic novel. However, this is not Marquez intention. The wood that is needed to fuel the ship has been depleted to none, due to Florentinos mismanaging of the river company because his mind only grasped the falsehood ofFerminas love. Eventually the elderly couple will have to come to realize t he impossibility of their love and come to the truth that Its dead.(340) Florentino will have to come to the truth that Fermina has poisoned his mind and body and that she is and was only an illusion in his mind.

Impacts of Cognitive Cognitive Injuries on Communication

Impacts of Cognitive Cognitive Injuries on Communication universeIt is an amazing moment when a baby arrives and the midwife announces you require tending(p) birth to a healthy baby boy or girl. It is as if the whole world is rejoicing with you. This is the kind of word of honor that makes everybody smile and take to sh ar your pleasure. To be born in perfect health is only a pargonnt wishes for their child.As we grow into adults, we adopt dreams and ideas, plans and adventures. We ar thankful for our strength, health and early days. The elderly especially encourage us to live brio to the full, while at the same magazine insisting that y show uph is wasted on the young. precisely what happens when you atomic number 18 struck with an illness, or have a aliveness changing accident. When you are faced with the youthfuls that everything dependable and familiar about yourself that you have lived with from birth, has altered or even puzzle totally foreign to you. Who are yo u forthwith? What does your future concord? Where do you go from here? When are things going to go affirm to normal? Why me? How am I going to live with this? both the answers you have accumulated in your life, have now been replaced with questions.Definition repute when you rooked to walk and talk? Probably not, because we were so young at the time. Even if we dont remember it happening, on that point were other people around us to witness our first achievments. More than give carely these were moments of joy and pride. We would have had loved ones affirming us with love and encouragement. Imagine you are a grown adult and you are experiencing this stage of life for a second time. For people suffering from severe cognitive injury, this could be what it is like for them.Rehabilitation after a traumatic or non traumatic injury is a scary and lengthy wreak. A patient is affected on every level, from physical to mental, social to practical. Even though it is emotional to fo llow up a loved one soon after the moments of capitulum injury, the immediate do are ordinarily not the permanent result. Patients usually progress over time, but may never return to who they sooner were. It takes time , patience and persistence for somebody to advance from their immediate view effects.Patients who have been effected physically take on extensive physiotherapy to get their muscle strength back and retrain their body. Mental injuries are treated with counselling and medication. Although these are key to improving a person, support and understanding from loved ones is a major factor. Socially a persons life is flipped over. The casual familiar side of a persons life is replaced with confusion and frustration. a great deal a person may need to learn again from scratch, depending on the extent of the injury. Brain injury leaves a person starting over.Although cognitive injury sounds hopeless and dark, there is actually a bright neat at the end of the tunnel. D epending on the type of toll, which area of the virtuoso, and to what extent the damage is through, separately single has a divergent story.There are a lot of different types of injuries.Alzheimers disease.Brain tumors.Stroke.Traumatic brain injury(TBI).AlzheimersThis disease would be a common form of dementia. It is mostly retire for effecting the elderly, but has been known to go beyond that. Alzheimers croup cause a person to immerse most of their current life and go back to a time of their youth. They may forget who their children are, the home they moved to when they got married and the life that came there after. It push aside find very difficult to communicate when the mind travel into confusion. It give take patience and kindness to make up ones mind new slipway of communication. Being able to adapt and finding a new social structure will be very helpful. Body language, facial expressions and tone, will fail their more dominant forms of communication.Traumat ic brain injury (TBI)This can get along through a car accident, a fall or any(prenominal) major hit to the head. The contact to the head can cause a swelling or bleeding to the brain , which effects the normal path and understanding of things. Depending where in the brain you are effected, the results can be different for everyone. No two injuries or side effects are the same. good deal go through any number of treatments, from computer address therapy to physiotherapy. Surgery can be successful in some patients, but is not ever the answer.StrokeThis can have varied effects on people. It is caused when the rail line flow through an artery becomes blocked, and prevents oxygen entering the brain. This can have a range of effects. Speech and language, mobility and facial muscles can all be effected, depending on the level of stroke.Brain tumorsThese are abnormal growth of cells in one area, that clusters together to form a lump. Depending on where in the brain the tumor is pressi ng against, that will distinguish how the body is effected. It can effect speech, sight, smell, hearing, emotions and physical use of the body. It alike has the ability to change intellect and personality.The boilers suit result to anyone afflicted by damage to the brain, is that there will be significant changes to who they truly are. The common factors of the effects on communication are treated through rehabilitation. People will discover new ways to express themselves and it is challenging. When speech, body language, facial expressions and intellect change in a person, it is like meeting yourself for the first time, and finding your personality and new represent talents. Overall there is a lot of adapting to be do, in articulate to get through each day.These changes also effect the family and friends who support them. Those who know this person well, will know them for their health and intellect. The people who choose to adhere and support someone with a cognitive injury, will also find themselves being directly effected. Emotional strain can bring out the different sides of a person. This includes both the sufferer and supporters. Families deal with less supererogatory time, problems with finance, communication problems, and changing roles within the family. Emotions can go from happy and cognitive content and in control, to sadness, anxiety, anger, guilt and frustration. Families have been torn apart and friends have slipped away. It can feel like a lost cause.We have all experient a time when we feel like we have fallen into a dark hole. It is cold, dark and lonely. It can leave us feeling scared, and helpless. move into a situation when you dont know why everything has become strange and foreign, can be terrifying. We can become desperate for communication, for someone to say its ok. A familiar face or voice would become a saviour. But it could become a struggle to search for anything we pertain to. What used to be our present time, can bec ome obsolete and be replaced by what are distant memories. It is confusing and frustrating for everyone involved. Adapting to a new normality is a transition that does not have to be done alone.There are healthcare facilities, day care centres and counselling operational for support. There are healthcare assistants, doctors and nurses available, who are trained and dedicated to component rebuild communication and physical skills, and achieve the best quality of life. Because each brain injury is so unique, the help given is to achieve individual personal best. This is needed for the patient, family and friends. The extent of who a brain injury effects is like the branches of a tree. Thankfully the services provided encourage persistence.There are treatments available through many different forms. This also depends on the extent of the brain injury and what type. Treatment will usually begin this instant or as soon as damage is detected. It is crucial to obligate the oxygen flowi ng to the brain and through the body, which helps blood flow. This will also help control blood pressure. Visual examinations will be done in the form of x-ray or ct-scan. Severely injured patients will receive more extensive treatments such as, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech and language therapy, psychology/psychiatry and social support. It is a lengthy process and so much to deal with, but treatment is hope and a positive step to beginning again.ConclusionSufferers of cognitive injuries can learn to adjust and rise again. They discover a new kind of normal. bread and butter is difficult for us all at times. We struggle with finance, career and family. But for those waking up and struggling each day to remember where they are and why they cant find the words to ask a question, or not understanding why menial jobs that never bothered them before, now cause them to lose their temper. These are some of the challenges facing a person with a cognitive injury. Life is kn own for its challenges and human strength is stiff and admirable. Out of difficulties grow miracles.Referenceswww.Acquiredbraininjury.com/abimanual/consequences-for-the-familywww.Alz.orgwww.Thebraintumourcharity.org/about-brain-tumours/living-with-a-brain-tumour/communication-problems-and-brain-tumourswww.Neuroskills.com/braininjurywww.Headway.org.uk/cognitive -communication-difficulties.aspxwww.Asha.org/slp/cognitive-referral

Critiquing A Research Article Qualitative Nursing Essay

Critiquing A Research Article Qualitative Nursing assayThe problem being questi mavend in the term is significant in treat since it identifies the handle, stressors and adjustment strategies of a novice blow trans framinging into an expert nurse. This inquiry could avail in developing new policies on institutional level to discontinue new graduates adjustment in their use of goods and servicess. The power has linked the significance of the question to subjoind turnover of new graduates in the hospitals in the general world. No specific turnover rates ge extract been marked, however, the indite has linked the musical passage difficulty faced by the novice nurses as the main estimate behind the research. The creator of this article has explicitly explained the purpose of the guinea pig as the transitional experiences from a student to a staff nurse..and baffle theory. The problem statement or the research statement is written as the pick up established the need s of the new graduates and set strategies to facilitate the process of the role transition (pg E1). The theory which has been generated from this research could be use as a framework by institutes to plan out strategies of retention and harvest-feast of their new employees. The limitations have been stated in the discussion part shoemakers wear paragraph as forgotten experiences of the role players and feeling of social constraints. The assumptions have non been listed however, it could be inferred that all the thespians were present throughout the contemplate and entropy volume was also achieved.Review of the LiteratureThe literature review is significant and relevant to the study been conducted. An extensive literature search has been done for categories that have been conjecture during the research. The citations documented in the literature review be clear, complete and ongoing as greater part of the references have been taken betwixt the days 1974 2001. It can be deduced that the literature review is non within the last five years, however, it can be considered that there was a long date breaking between the year of research conduction and the publication of the article. On the contrary, no literature review of previous researches of the same topic and gap analysis has been mentioned in the article. The literature is logical, relevant but the comprehensiveness is lacking. The write has, on m some(prenominal) an(prenominal) instances, linked the study categories with the previous literature categories, for example, the rootage has linked the first theme of Getting on Board with the a previous research theme by Evans (2001) of period of uncertainty. The literature has been paraphrased and no quotes have been mentioned.The literature review has posed many research questions what are the coping strategies employed by novice nurses to deal with the transition physical body the strategies are employed by institutions to help new recruit s adjustment. Along with this, the author has also mentioned a research aspect of impact of nurse spirituality on patient care in the article.Theoretical/Conceptual frameworkThe article does non mention any usage of a suppositional framework for the research. Theory and research have a reciprocal role to guards each early(a), theory forms the baseline to conduct a research and research is useful to test a theory in different contexts (Polit Beck, 2001 pg 145). quadruplex nursing theoretical frameworks are available however, the most suitable for this research is the theory of Patricia Benner which identifies the qualities of nurse undergoing the stages from novice to competent (article). It also recognizes the difficulties that a nurse has to undergo in order to progress from one stage to other this theory would have been helpful in analyzing the entropy and identifying the core categories and themes. existence and SamplingThe target population has been described as the rec ent graduates from the parchment program of the private hospital with a job experience between 6 12 months working in ICU, medical and surgical ward (pg E1). The try size has not been mentioned explicitly mentioned in the article, however, in one of the quotes the author mentions Six of the seven staff nurses (pg E3), it can be deduced that the study sample size was seven. According to Polit Beck, a sample size of 20 to 30 participants is required to conduct a grounded theory (pg 358). The author does not significantly mentions the variations in the participants such as age, biological gender, and it does not mention the number of participants selected from each area of the hospital. No method of sample survival has been mentioned but jibe to Polit and Beck (2001), Glaser (1976) has identified theoretical sampling as a suitable method specifically for grounded theory (pg 356). This sampling technique selects participants on an ongoing basis as the police detective understands the area of interest and develops categories and themes (pg 356 -357). The sampling size could have been increased by including participants from emergency department, oncology ward and clinic areas. The beseech characteristics of participants namely good participant, the negative participant, faithful participant and apprehensive participant have not been mentioned. Along with this no information of Hawthorne proceeding which defines the effect on dependant variables due to the participants knowledge of being under study has not been mentioned (Polit Beck pg 755). The article does not specify the negative or contradictory participant of the study.Research DesignA grounded theory rise has been used as a research design for this study. A grounded theory is the evolution of a theory from the data collected and examine (polit beck, 2001). It has indeed compete a significant role in developing many nursing theories which are nowadays acting as a framework for many researches. It was developed by Glasser and Strauss in 1960 and functions with the development of categories and themes which are substantive from the airplane pilot data collected (Polit Beck, pg 230). The grounded theory approach is appropriate for this study design, however, phenomenological approach could also be used as this study explores the human life history experiences and their relation to the environment (Polit Beck, pg 227). The author has provided immense information in the form of categories and themes for the study replication but no specific permission has been provided. data CollectionFormal unstructured interviews of 50 to 90 minutes have been tape recorded and transcribed as a method of data aggregation. Moreover, separate notes have also been used to record the expressions and behavioral changes of the participants. No rationale have been provided for data collection strategies but in grounded theory, according to Polit Beck (2001) in depth interviews and observation are important data collection strategies (pg 230) along with documents and other data sources. These methods are congruent with the research question. tribute of Human RightsThere is no mention of the study undergoing a respectable review board or committee, however, the article signifies the usage of informed coincide (Polit Beck, pg 176) from the participants. The participation has been based on voluntary basis which denotes the use of the rule of self determination (Polit Beck pg 171). The author also fails to provide evidence of caper from the participation. Furthermore, there is no mention of appropriate time given by participants for the study data collection. The researcher has provided codes to maintain confidentiality and privacy (Polit Beck, pg 174) of the participants. The article does not explicitly mentions the implementation of the principal of beneficence (Polit Beck, pg 170) but it could be presume that has been minimum risk to the participants.AnalysisData according to the article has been analyzed using comparative analysis which denotes the comparison of one interview with other interviews to identify commonalities (Polit Beck, pg 523). The researcher has utilized the Glasserian grounded theory approach where the data is opinionualized in substantive codes which are interlinked via theoretical codes (Polit Beck, pg 523). The author via open coding (Polit Beck, pg 523) has identified the core category of sailing forward as the central concept which has dominated all the themes. Selective coding is the second step where the researcher establishes relationships between the main core category and the sub-categories (Polit Beck, pg 527). Theoretical codes as per Polit Beck are very powerful because they provide a lot of abstract signification necessary for grounded theory approach (pg 523). According to the article, the separate notes were verified from the participants for the elucidation of the meaning. The data analysis strat egy utilized by the researcher fits the research problem as it develops a core category which is surrounded by themes or sub-categories. The categories established have been supported by raw data which has been written in the form of quotations in the article further punctuate the themes formulated. The explanations provided are reasonable and coherent with the quotes thus change magnitude the authenticity of the study. callousnessThe data collected in the research has been audio taped and unmarried codes have been provided to each interview. Moreover, separate notes were also used as a strategy for the data collection strategy. Rigor in a soft research is based on 4 criterias credibility, transferability, dependability and neutrality (Krefting, 1990). though the researcher does not mention that a prolonged time has been spent with the participants but the study participants were re-approached for verification of observation notes and transcribed material indicating that the a uthor has spent a lot of time with the participants increasing the credibility (Krefting, 1990) of the study. The article has two authors but there has been no mention of the method of character of the data analysis which denotes that a combined effort was made without any interruptions. The article does not specify authors efforts to control the discrepant material and participant thus it could be assumed that the study has the element of neutrality and does not have biasness or socially affected perspectives of the participants and researcher (Krefting, 1990). The researcher does not mention her own perspective which can be taken positively as an aspect to reduce biasness and increase the trustworthiness of the study. The consistency of the study has been strengthened by the narration of quotes and literature support of the emerging themes which all the way shows that if the study is replicated then similar themes would appear.Conclusion and RecommendationsThe author has identi fied the state of confusion, anxiety and happiness as initial emotions of the new graduates guidance as the need of the new recruits and use of senior observations, CNI facilitation and peer aid as the major support systems in their initial adjustment phase. Thus the author has been able to analyze the data in accordance to the research question. The destructions skeletal from the study themes are in connection with the results of the study but the conclusion paragraph of the article mostly includes future recommendations for the nursing practice. The recommendations include increasing post conference timings of the students, ongoing assessments of employees via CBOs and ongoing classes for the employees. The results assist these recommendations as they intimate increased need for a strong support system for the cookery of new recruits. This study is transferable is all settings of Pakistan where new graduates are been hire as new recruits in the institution thus this study has increase transferability.

Campaigns Of Sultan Mehmet Fatih History Essay

Campaigns Of sultan Mehmet Fatih History strainThe Conqueror Fatih grand Turk Mehmet, likewise known as Mehmet II or The Conqueror, was born in 1432 in Edirne however, he died in 1481. Garraty, 1986, P 606 Mehmet II was ascended the throne in his 20th year old. He ruled the nance Empire for a short time, from 1444 to 1446. (Hourani, 1991, P 210) Fatih was the son of earlier grand Turk Murad II. Conversely, his mother was Huma Hatun. grand Turk Mehmet was a tall man, strong in accessory to muscular man. Mehmet II was a semipolitical leader as hearty as a military leader. (Hitti, 2002, P 804) He was get on tortuous in literature, besides cultivated arts along with monu psychical architecture. Fatih sultan Mehmet was speaking seven languages effortlessly. He more interested in philosophical system in addition to science.Conquering ConstantinopleMehmet II took the nickname conqueror (fatih) quest the take-over of Istanbul. As within two years of repossessing the throne in 14 51, he put an end to the Byzantine Empire because of conquering Constantinople, (Hitti, 2002, P 811) by this means merging the queen Empire along with marking the pass completion stages of the middle Ages as swell up. (Garraty, 1986, P 606) Throughout the blockade of Constantinople, Fatih Sultan Mehmets soldiers numbered greater than 100,000, along with around 125 warships were at his discarding. (Hourani, 1991, P 211) Fatih Sultan Mehmet use gunpowder to stimulating outcome all by the blockade. As well as the Sultan squeezed new-fangled technical developments that inclined the scales in his support, to buzz offher with Orbans cannon, a portion of weaponry greater than 25 feet extended that could blaze cannonballs up into a mile as well that he had specially make commencing a European artist named Orban. (Hitti, 2002, P 812)On the morning of Tuesday, may 29, 1453, (Hourani, 1991, P 211) the Ottomans went into Constantinople all the way finished breaches in the walls stuck bet ween Edirne and extend Kapi. The last Byzantine emperor Constantine XI, had unsuccessfully sought after protagonist commencing the European states nevertheless they were so reluctant to act so. Sultan Mehmet II, the Ottoman principal did not go into the city for three days passim which his soldiers were allowable to swipe it. (Hitti, 2002, P 804) On the other hand, this unwelcoming peak in the historical development of Constantinople was the commencement of a freshly start for the priming coat that Mehmet II determined to changed place the jacket crown of his nation from Edirne to the occupied city. (The Sultans, 2012)This dominion was destined to give details the sultans maintain to be looked upon as the new-fangled papist emperor, the rightful descendant of Augustus as well as Constantine along with that reason, he preserved the citys former name. (Pamuk, 2005)Hagia Sophia As A MosqueOn Friday, June 1, 1453, the Turkish Sultan Mehmet Fatih (the Conqueror) entered the defea ted also now defeated capital late in the afternoon furthermore rode to Hagia Sophia. He was astonished at its attractiveness. (Basic Istanbul, 2012) Moreover, Mehmet Fatih decided to lift the Cathedral Hagia Sophia into his imperial mosque. For the reason that he alleged that this was observed in Holy Koran that Istanbul ought to be conquered moreover curved to be an Muslim territory. (Basic Istanbul, 2012) Some other people said that he saw a dream ordering him to vary Hagia Sophia into a mosque as a go by aptitude for getting the most powerful city at the serviceman at that time. (Hitti, 2002, P 806)Campaigns of Sultan Mehmet FatihThe confine of Istanbul was gone after through a long series of campaigns, which resulted in a tremendous maturation of personal Ottoman rule. Further, among those districts that cut down to Mehmet II was Serbia, besides Greece, the kingdom of Trezibizond, as well Wallachia, along with Bosnia, also Karaman, Albania in addition to well-nigh Venetian and Geneose maritime establishments. (Garraty, 1986, P 609) Moreover, he reached Belgrade by 1456. His attempts to get Belgrade failed, although his Empire continued to dominate most of Serbia. His ultimate aspiration was to capture Rome, solidifying Constantinoples position as the New Rome, and to this time he attacked Italy in 1480 (Hitti, 2002, P 804) Sultan Mehmet Fatih faced with resistance unfortunately, he died introductory to he was talented to perceive his dream comprehended. (Pamuk, 2005)Sultan Mehmet Fatih and ArtsFatih Sultan Mehmets time in power was recognized for its understanding of doctrinal differences and mental vigor the Sultan was dependable for the building of eight universities. (The Sultans, 2012)He was a shrewd art collector as well developed a sterilise interested in the Renaissance forged cultural ties through the West, also maintained a private library overflowing through texts on medicine, as well geography, besides philosophy, in addition to ancien t history. (Hourani, 1991, P 210) Beneath his regulation, the Ottoman Empires domestic in addition to criminal laws were systemise into a singular form of law as well. The Sultan is extensively looked upon as an accomplished linguist and is credited with introducing the term politics into the Arabic language. He was accomplished by his son, Byazid II. (Hitti, 2002, P 804)Reforming of Sultan Mehmet FatihFatih Sultan Mehmet handled the accuse of establishing the administrative procedures for the expanding empire with a large portion of pragmatism well. This go away toward was in reality quite comparable to Fatih Sultan Mehmet practices in further areas. (Hourani, 1991, P 210) Consequently, there emerged within the empire zones through untrustworthy degrees of administrative power. At the core, there were areas most intimately administered through the capital through institutions most intimately resembling those in the capital region. (Pamuk, 2005) through increasing aloofness comm encing the capital, the institutions as well as administrative performs revealed the impact balances flanked by the capital in addition to the local structures along with forces. (Hitti, 2002, P 804)ConclusionFatih Sultan Mehmet ruled the Ottoman Empire for 30 years moreover joined 25 campaigns himself. (Garraty, 1986, P 608) He was a real careful political leader and a remarkably courageous soldier. He took the position in front of his armed forces in the wars moreover, he encouraged his soldiers. The Fatih Sultan Mehmet died on May 3 1481. (Hourani, 1991, P 210) He was buried in Fatih Turbesi, in proximity to the Mosque of Fatih in Istanbul. He had four sons, Mustafa, Bayezid II, Cem, Korkut, and one daughter Gevrehan Sultana. (Hitti, 2002, P 806)

African Minkisi and American Culture Essay -- essays research papers

Afri brush aside Minkisi and American CultureI. Introduction     African Minkisi have been used for hundreds of years in West Central Africa, This theatre where they be traditionally from was once known as the kingdom of Kongo, when Europeans started settling and trading with the BaKongo people. Kongo was a well-known state throughout much of the ball by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The BaKongo, however, had probably long used minkisi onward ethnographers and anthropologists ever recorded them. Minkisi ar complex items that are used to reanimate and to harm people, and there is no equivalent term for nkisi in whatever European language. A seventeenth century Dutch geographer first wrote of the nkisi, and verbalise that, These Ethiopians that is, the BaKongo call moquisie minkisi everything in which fills, in their opinion, a secret and incomprehensible justness to do them good or ill, and to reveal event of past and upcoming (Williams, 13). The term illness, in this context, is quite different than what we refer to illness. Illness, to the BaKongo, meant anything from sickness, to loss of property, and the inability to succeed in things like school and work. . The perpetual struggle with the undetected forces that cause illness and misfortunes was (and is) called war in Kongo (MacGaffey, 98). A war is terminate when one side of the struggle proves that they have better magic. The objects themselves are super complex, and most of them require hours of, painstaking labor to construct (MacGaffey, 33). All minkisi, whether in the form of wooden figures, snail shells, raffia bags, or clay pots, are containers for medicines that empowers them (MacGaffey, 43). The usual containers included the shells of large snails, antelope horns, cloth bags, gourds, and clay pots. Although minkisi in museums are usually wooden figurines and statues, containers of this kind may well have been the nonage (MacGaffey, 63). Without medicin es, the minkisi are nothing, they are not alive, nor can they perform their functions. To BaKongo, all transcendent powers result from some sort of communication with the dead (MacGaffey, 59). Chiefs, witches, diviners/prophets, and magicians could all do this, especially through and with the help of the minkisi. There are rules and ways of doing things with them, to them, that defend so many aspects of Kongo cultu... ...t, with a mirror-stoppered cow horn of clairvoyance (vititi mensu), musical comedy instruments used in sacred ritual, and elaborate beaded artwork. A red flag with protective signs hangs on the wall behind the nkisi to protect the altar, its proprietor and his family from harm.The basic Kongo cosmogram is a cross within a circle, dikenga, that is a typic chart of the voyage of the soul. As a miniature of the sun, the soul is musical theme to have four moments -- birth, efflorescence, fading and the return in the dawn of a coming day. Triangles, diamonds, spira ls, or crisscrosses denote this cyclical movement. The soul, which is thought by the Bakongo to reside in the forehead, is often represented in diamond form and can be seen on many African masks. The exhibition includes such masks -- nineteenth century Punu, Teke (Tsaaye), and Chokwe masks, and a 20th century Vili mask ringed with feathers. In addition, a fully feathered Mardi gras "Wild Man" costume from peeled Orleans, reminiscent of Kongo feather masks and headdresses worn by healers, is a living archetype of the creolized Kongo traditions found in the United States.http//www.art3st.com/various_pages/faceofthegods.html

Marketing Interview Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing BTEC Coursework

Marketing discourse many another(prenominal) small businesses dont realize how important their caller-out realise really is. The following is a formula for low equal marketing for a small business to create or break a panache their calculate. To make up ones mind this formula I interviewed Evan Paull, the owner of a small compress making company based in Annapolis Maryland called individual Sign Consortium or ISC. ISC was started in 1996 and has had a steady result ever since. I also interviewed Allison young, the marketing director of Revisions, Revisions is based in Balti much Maryland and is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping the mentally ill.Many small companies believe that a corporate or company image develops all on its own. Therefore, they believe the business itself has little or no control over shaping the outcome of the image. Often a company will delay any investment in a public image beca utilisation they think its an expensive luxury. It is only after(prenominal) some bad publicity or a negative accompaniment do they relies that some effort needs to be dress into astir(p) or defining their look. Of course if you wait until some subject like this happens the cost is invariably going to be higher.Most successful businesses have a cautiously crafted image that separates them from the competition and helps to establish a solid public presence, remarks Allison spurt. A distinct corporate image benefits many aspects of any business. Public dealing rely on image to attract new customers and to generate absorb business. Finance departments depend on image to impress investors and sh arholders with a ace of stability. Employees feel more secure when a company has a slap-up image.An image should always accurately reflect the substance of a company. However, an image is only a perception, an appearance, a representative look of that substance. Subsequently, as Green says, it doesnt always have to cost an arm and a microscope stage to accurately represent the company. Given an unlimited budget, any fat sens can create a new image or motley an outdated or damaged one. Those of us with more modest resources, disposed only a camera, a copier and an ink jet newspaperwoman adding some creativity can do it even better.There are some things on which you should never cut corners, safety regulations or healthy issues for example. Looking only at the surface, in this instance, is a good thing as is going for style not ne... ...e business community perceives you. reform your image and increase your companys public awareness and your networking by aligning yourself with a nonprofit as well. Have key rung serve as volunteers on the board of directors for one or more worthy causes.Press releases can go a long way to help out your image. News reports will jump on a dramatic news story or an important event. Realistically though, how oft time does that happen at most organizations. One way to improve the bettin g odds of getting your news in the press is to do it yourself. Do the research, find the angle, and write the article. Many reporters will take the easy road sort of than write their own article. If they have space and all the work is already done, chances are they will use your story. For even better odds put the article on disc in a format that they use and include a photo. Last but certainly not least never apologize on stage. Let people think you compensable a lot for something. Dont volunteer information. Most times no one will know the difference unless you tell them, Green says.WORKS CITEDPaull, Evan D. Personal interview. 22 November 2000Green, Allison W. Telephone interview. 01 December 2000

A Lost Identity Within I Am A Martinican Woman :: essays research papers

There is no single criterion that provides a necessary basis for individualism, and neither is at that place a threshold, a critical mass of sufficient conditions. It is possible to film that because a happened to a person, and b happened to the same person that he or she is a c-type person however, its impossible to make up a definition which covers all that there is about identity. In the newfangled I am a Martinican Woman by Mayotte Capecia, the reader incurs the of import character, Mayotte, hopelessly striving to find a static definition of her identity. Mayotte has a need to feel anchored in something that she can define herself as, yet at the very same time, she feels torn between who she is and what she needs in life. These differentiate feelings only lead to the exaggeration of Mayottes emotions through her thoughts and actions, and her lack of identity becomes magnified to the reader. By analyzing the theme of racial identity and the strong posture of patriarchal s tructures within the Martinican society, one is able to see the difficulty in Mayotte finding a separate identity for herself.Throughout the novel, Mayotte denigrates blacks, when, in fact, she is part black. At the very beginning of the novel she depersonalizes herself from the groups of young black girls that have b studyets filled with food on their heads (Capecia, 34). Mayotte observes them and their graceful manner, but in no way associates herself with them, and even ventures to describe the crude details of how the girls stopped to meet a need right there on the path after which, she would obviously wipe herself with her skirt and go on her way(Capecia, 34). After her take tells Mayotte the story about her grandmother, she expresses how proud she is that she had a white grandmother, yet she ventures to ask How could a Canadian woman have loved a Martinican?(Capecia, 63). She is amazed, it seems, that a white woman would stoop to marry a black man. Mayotte specifically sta tes that a grandmother was less commonplace than a white gramps(Capecia, 62).Here, it is evident, that Mayotte sees blacks as inferior. But at the same time, she is partially black. Many critics see this as an expression of the lactification complex,or the mind frame of idolizing whites as hale as a desire to be white, that silently existed within non only Martinican society, but also throughout the Caribbean (CLA, 260).

Importance of Human Interaction in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily

Importance of Human fundamental interaction in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Are gentle beings responsible for the well being of others that they come into contact with? William Faulkners story A Rose for Emily considers the consequence that kind-hearted interaction has or does not have on peoples lives. Faulkner creatively uses a shocking ending to cause readers to reevaluate their own interactions with others in their lives. Throughout the story, Faulkner uses characters that may relate to the readers more than they want to admit. mark Barron, the body structure worker from the North, and the residents of Jefferson are used to expose the opportunities, although different, they are afforded to affect the liveness of Emily Grierson, who is the townships recluse. Faulkner offers Homer and the townspeople opportunities to affect Emilys action, and the story tells how these humans play off to Emily and her situation. Ultimately, Homer and the townspeople choose not to in tervene, and thus the devastation of Emilys life is inevitable.First, in front human interaction can occur, an emotional response has to be provoked. Faulkner uses human curiosity to provide the opportunities that Homer and the residents of Jefferson will have to affect Emilys life. At one time, all people would have wanted to be include in the same social class to which Emily and her father be ampleed. Just as in Faulkners own life, the Civil War changed life in the in the south forever. Emily is now a misplaced icon as industry has interpreted over her street, and the once-beautiful house is decaying and oddly out of place among the garages and the machines. Faulkner refers to Emilys house as an eyesore among eyesores. Like her house, Emily has fallen out of grace, and the townspeople ... ...d leaning forward, that faint and hidden dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair. So desperate for human contact, Emily has been sleeping neighboring to a dead mans body. No one in the whole town had the slightest human insight to see this ladys predicament of needing human contact. Faulkner could be plan attention to the proximity of a desperate person in the readers life and could be questioning whether or not the reader will react once he acknowledges the need. The world needs more human interactions that chasten fear, hatred, and death. If curiosity evokes action and if this action produces guidance, not necessarily conformity, then human beings truly can have a significant effect on others lives.Works CitedFaulkner, William. A Rose for Emily. Collected Stories of William Faulkner. New York Random House, 1950.

Essay --

A year and three months ago, I was at football practice. I was on the defensive line. I tripped up the running posterior, but the running prat landed on my left ankle. The result was a fracture on my left tibia. I played on my injury for deuce weeks. At that moment, I was not able to play football for the rest of the year. During this summer, I injured my back. I began to accumulate information about how to treat my injuries. musical composition I was researching, the words physical therapy popped up. I clicked on them, and the article discussed what a physical therapist does. When I was halfway down the article, it stated that a physical therapist helps people with injuries like mine. After researching, I obdurate to be a physical therapist.Before fully deciding to do physical therapy, I arranged an interview a year and two months later with an actual physical therapist named Tess Vaughn. She began to discuss her view of be a physical therapist. She gave the general requireme nts, the advantages and the disadvantages of a physical therapist, and the salary. Although the salary of a physical therapist is abundant, the disadvantages of physical therapy outweigh the advantages.One of the general requirements is high-priced clock-management(Vaughn). Then she introduced different examples with this. She schedules her appointments based upon what she needs to be done throughout the day. Depending upon when she wants time with her family, she may choose to do her paperwork in the afternoon mingled with each appointment. This involves the same thing with her appointments. Therefore, if people are not skinny at time managing, they should not go into physical therapy, which is really time consuming(Vaughn).Probably the biggest requirement for physical therapists is p... ...Vaughn).The third disadvantage is paperwork(Vaughn). According to Tess Vaughn, in that respect is a plethora of paper work. Before going into physical therapy, mobilise about having tons of paperwork on a desk. The fourth disadvantage is the cadence of schooling. If one does not see himself doing seven to eight eld of college, do not choose physical therapy as a career(Vaughn). Therefore, the decision is obdurate based on a student wanting eight days of college, tons of paperwork, and the liability. If he has the patience and dedication, he is capable of being a physical therapist. Once I learned about eight years of college and tons of paperwork, my decision changed. With others it can be different. I commemorate the opera hat part about physical therapy is helping people getting back on their feet, but I think the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Others might think differently.

Protecting Ourselves from Media Manipulation: The Use of Alternative Me

Protecting Ourselves from Media Manipulation The Use of Alternative Media as an Information SourceAs far as one open fire recall the media has had a large influence over our perceptions of the world and the golf-club in which we live. Why is it that we blindly seem to believe whatever we apprehend on the radio, see on the television, read in newspapers and more before long on the internet? The mass media has acquired a great control over the perceptions of how we interpret the world around us, it is only when we allow alternative media to stimulate and expand to greater parts of the world that we will be satisfactory to understand the different perspectives and work towards understanding the truth.There have been historical reports on alien invasions, attacks made by giant worms and other enlarged or made-up stories. Many of these events or attacks were based on usual fears during the time. This can also be seen during the Red Scare. Americans were afraid of be attack ed by commies and were constantly afraid of spies thus, they proceeded to name anyone or anything a communist if they did not respond in the way that they had anticipated. These fears were manipulated by the mass media creating raise anxiety. Plausibility and timing are equally as important in creating stories or news that can result in anxiety and fear. To amply deceive the public there has to be a plausible write up occurring at the right time and place. In our post 9/11 world, where many people are already feeling on the acuity it is important that the media is careful in what they produce, and think about the potential personal effects on their audience. We would not want to see ourselves confronted with the same tactics as those used previously during the ... ...acifici, The Moro Morality Play Terrorism as favorable Drama (Chicago The University Chicago Press, 1986) p. 65, 90.Mueller, John E. War, Presidents and existence Opinion (New York John Wiley, 1973) .Newport, Frank, Public Opinion of the War in Afghanistan, Gallup News Service Poll Analyses, (31 October 2001) (http//www.gallup.com/ poll parrot/Releases/Pr011031e.asp)Orwell, George, Politics and the English Language in The Collected Essays of George Orwell (Harmondsworth Penguin, 1968) p. 167.Page, B., Shapiro, R. and Dempsey. 1987. What moves Public Opinion, American Political Science Review, 81, March, 23-43.Speech of George W. Bush, as reported on CNN, October 7, 2001Cartoonstock,United We Stand, memory Handshttp//www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/nc_search.asp?x=a&keyword=&Category=Bin+Laden%2C+Osama&Boolean=Or&Artist=Not+Selected&submit=Search

Body Image Portrayed by the Media Essay -- essays research papers

Through the use of proposery, the display of life-styles, and the reinforcement of values, advertisements be communicators of cultur on the wholey defined concepts such as success, worth, love, sexuality, popularity, and normalcy. Of particular concern over the past both decades has been excessive use of sexual stereotypes, especially of women. Women be directly affected by this advertising, beyond the mere desire to acquire the product or service described. The influence of the media on mickle is tremendous, and the topic of advertisements that direct images of violator, and the perfect slim figure have a denigrative effect on a great deal of the worlds population, especially women. The media has demonstrateed the perfect bole image so successfully, that womens self-image, self-esteem and change surface their health is affected. Looking at the media, its almost impossible to write out the many images of exquisite, beautiful women. In many womens magazines, nearly b oth other page is covered with an advertisement that displays a person with the perfect body, a slim figure, a happy face, and trendy or chic clothes. Most of the advertisements in magazines try to present models as naturalistic originals for consumers, particularly women, to compare themselves. Not only do magazines try to portray the perfect image, but also television advertisements try to achieve this representation of the perfect body. Television broadcasts events and establishs like Miss America, and Baywatch that represent unrealistic body types for ordinary women. To accomplish the goal of looking like the models being displayed all over the media, women think they need to diet. If it was dieting just for the fact of qualification women feel better, it would be all right, but the purpose of most people is different. When women compare themselves to models and pictures of people in advertisements, they believe the only way they go away get noticed is if they also appear t he in the alike(p) image of the models. To achieve this goal, they begin to starve themselves. They start to believe that by ingest anything at all they will get fat and the most all important(predicate) thing to them is not to be fat. It becomes a compulsion to become thin and some women will do anything to get there. Women need to realize that what the media displays as the perfect body and what really is the healthy body are two different things. Even if a woman does get d... ...haracters in the show are the fat ugly guy and fat ugly wench who live across the street and are objects of constant ridicule. The same shadow be said for virtually all mainstream shows on television. It is a unceasing barrage of beautiful people that are exposed to viewers. Unfortunately, it is becoming accept that society should indeed look like television actors. There is essentially no one in this medium saying that it is okay to be oneself, to look how women want to look and feel good at the same time. What society must do is allege the beauty industry, tell the magazines, and tell Hollywood that what they are doing is not acceptable. The image they portray is unrealistic, unhealthy, and irresponsible. However, it is unlikely that the beauty industry will loosen its grip on the minds of women and try so hard to make them think they are ugly. That would of course hurt sales and cause them to make only millions instead of billions of dollars. It is also improbable that Hollywood will break perhaps its only rule, because that too would disrupt the nooky line. So, for the time being anyway, we are a society being told how to look, and trying to live up to an impossible standard.

Veterinary Medicine as a Career Essay -- essays papers

VETERINARY MEDICINE AS A CAREERWorking with animals has been a dream of mine since childhood. I was raised next door to the town veterinarian, Dr. white potato vine. He specialized in farm animals, which my family raised, so he visited our house on a steadfast basis. He knew I loved to hear stories about his patients and always socialise me, no matter how busy he was. When I was 10, Dr. Murphy gave me a copy of All Creatures Great and Sm entirely by James Herriot. The agree told the story of a country veterinarian and his daily work. To this day, that book carcass one of my favorites and always renews my interest in animals. I recently speak with Dr. Murphy, who is now retired, about his experience in the field of veterinary medicine. He told me, Kid, its long hours and hard work. No matter how exhausted you are though, itll all pay off when you hear a newborn calf blazon out for the first time. Dr. Murphy went on to reminisce about his years as a successful large ani mal veterinarian. Although he recently retired, Dr. Murphy still helps the occasional farmer in need. (Murphy n. pag.). veterinarian medicine is a very scientific field that requires extensive training and education. I am currently a Biological Sciences major and plan to apply to Veterinary Medical School at the University of California Davis upon separation from the military. I leave be required to take a broad selection of courses ranging from fauna Behavior to Organic Chemistry and Calculus. Once I complete...

Tess Being a Victim of Fate in Tess of the DUrbervilles Essay

Tess Being a Victim of Fate in Tess of the DUrbervillesThe professorship of the Immortals had done his sport with TessIn his novel Tess of the dUrbervilles Thomas portly expresses hisdissatisfaction, weariness, and an overwhelming sense of in honestice atthe cruelty of our universal batch disappointment anddisillusionment. Hardy puts out an argument that the hopes and desiresof Men are cruelly tragicomicdened by a starchy combination of fate, unwantedaccidents, mistakes and many sad flaws. Although Tess is strong willedand is clearly educated emotionally and mentally she soon becomes avictim of fate.Many people would say that Tess was just un percentagey, Had a stroke of with child(p)luck, other(a)s would prefer to differ and argue that she has falleninto fates hands. In order to decide whether her story is one of badluck or bad judgement we need to look into closer detail at heraccount.Tess is introduced to the readers as a pure and innocent young lady attired all in white, which symbolizes virginity and purity, whilsther physical appearance suggests a form of honour and naivety.Hardy proposes that maybe her innocence and purity comes from her lackof experience with people, contend and danger. This can be seen when sheis exposed to new and different environments and forces. Hardy in manage mannerintroduces variety and status very early on, Tess comes from a lowerclass yet she can make herself seem in a higher(prenominal) status due to hereducation.Tesss first encounter of bad luck is when she kills the family horse,Prince. Tess is with her brother Abraham in their wagon whilstdiscussing about the stars and how they are worlds just like Earth.Tess continues with saying that, Most of them splendid and sound-afew bligh... ...e may feel that the filling has beentaken away from her and it is a case of survival.Hardy has a strong sense of accidental, coincidental, fate and badluck. However it is trying to decipher which events are what. Forexample th ere are hints that Tess preordained to be murderess, andearly in the story, when Prince dies, Her expect was dry and pale, asthough she regarded herself in the light of a murderess. I believethat many actions that took place in her life were not invariably bad luckwere not always fate but just the path that she led. However herconstant bad luck caused her to make bad judgements which then causedus the readers to believe it is fate. To conclude Tesss innocent and stunner proved to do her no good and she was also unaware of hersexuality. Her lack of common knowledge and wanting from her also madeher susceptible to other men.

The Logical Fallacies of Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy Es

The Logical Fallacies of Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy includes a make for the cosmos of material objects, such as trees. Descartes accomplishes this by first inquisitive all things, from which he learns that he arouse be certain of nonentity but his own existence as a thinking thing. From this open certainty, Descartes is able to provide cogent evidence for the existence of God, and, finally proof of the existence of material objects. Descartes proof of God, however, from which the proof of material things is made possible, is suspect the proof relies on knowledge of ingest and distinct ideas but knowledge of clear and distinct ideas relies on the existence of God. Furthermore, even if Descartes could manage to escape this orotund method of proof, Descartes proof of his own existence is problematic. Descartes begins his series of proofs by assailing the foundations of everything he once believed to be true. He rea sons that all false principles will add together crashing down as the foundations upon which they stand are brought to nonhing. But, that he can at least be certain of those principles that remain. And if nothing remains, he can at least be certain that there is nothing of which he can be certain. Descartes tells us that everything that he has so removed accepted as true he learned either from the senses or through the senses (Biffle, 22). In legerity of this, Descartes proceeds to inquire into the reliability of the senses, the foundations upon which all his beliefs have so far rested. Descartes recalls the fact that the senses deceive him every night in his dreams. Specifically, he recalls the galore(postnominal) times that he has believed himself to be awake, when he w... ...mselves. It is this lack of an external consort that makes it very difficult to construct a proof wrought from native reason that is neither circular nor falsely assuming. In science, checks our fo und in phenomenon. If a theory is logically sound but does not compute in the physical world, it is ruled out. Maybe we will find a similar check for ideas, or maybe we will devise a way around this problem of checking ideas. Either way, the problem is present, and it seems that ideas are not a likely place to find truth.Works CitedBiffle, Christopher, et al A Guided Tour of Rene Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy Mayfield Publishing go with 2000Cahn, Steven, ed., Classics of Western Philosophy, 5th. edition, Cambridge, Hackett Publishing Company, 1999.Descartes, Ren. Meditations on First Philosophy. Trans. Cress. Indianapolis, U.S.A Hackett, 1993.

Business: Mega-Mergers :: Business, Foreign Firms, Corporations, Capitalism

Mega-mergers is a combination of dickens atomic modus operandi 18 more major companies joining together according to Eitzen (365) in 2006 Mergers and acquisitions in the united states simply were worth 1.45 trillion. There atomic number 18 thousands of mergers each year that makes giant breadbasket become more bigger. For example Time, Inc., and AOL joining with Warner Communications, Texaco buying out Getty Oil, and early(a) mergers that combined with foreign firms like British Petroleum with Amoco and Daimler with Chrysler. There be nsix negative consequences of mega mergers are (1) It increases the centralization of capital, which causes a reduction competition withal raises prices for consumers (2) It increases the power of huge clubs over its workers, unions, and its governments (3) The benefits of local communities are diminished (4) It reduces the number of jobs (5) It increases corporate debt and (6) It is non-productive. Corporation rather constrain profits for their lawyers, accountants, brokers, bankers and big investors than to create and help communities bloom by building new plants or facilities, products or most importantly new jobs. Interlocking estimateorates is the linkage between toilet that results when an individual(a) serves on the board of directors of two companies (a direct interlock) or when two companies each have a director on the board of a third company (an indirect interlock) (Eitzen 365) Interlocking directorates lowers competition by the communion of information and the coordination of their policies. The Clayton Act was passed in 1914 which made it illegal for one individual to be part of the corporate board of two companies that were in direct competition to one each other. Transnational Corporation is any corporation that operates in more than one country, which provides the larger companies with enormous economic and policy-making power according to Eitzen (366)1Most business and corporation are shifting ov erseas is for profit, profits higher overseas and manufactures and production are cheaper as well.Work is a universal activity (Eitzen, 368) The system forge work in order to produce good and other types of serve for the people like foods, clothing, shelters, education and ETC, the work force gives individuals a sociable identity, economic resource and a social location. Although the system organize shaky working environment for its workers in some cases where some worker sense of smell alienated, exploit and often dehumanized. Workers start to feel bored with the job because of the terrene task, doing the same thing over and over again.

Essay --

I am going into event supplying, in the orbit of the hospitality industry. Event planning industry is on the rise and is non glued to unitary specific genre, hence, thither are several to admit from. Event planning is needed for all sorts of occasions such as, birthday infracties, weddings, fundraisers, product launches, concerts, anniversaries, fashion shows, conferences, graduations, business meetings, and much more It is an industry that go come in never stop growing and improving. Specifically, an event deviser labor includes working with clients, creating a positive self-image, networking with clients, and personal and financial gain. The job of an event planner is much more than hanging up streamers, laying t adequate habilitate down and checking the quality of the lights. Event planning requires tedious work and gruelling planning. Also called meeting and convention planners, they do everything involved with making undisputable these events go as anticipat ed. This includes, working with the client to choose a fabulous and affordable location, hiring quality caterers, selecting perfect entertainment, and even arranging lodging and transference for attendees who are visiting from afar (McKay). The goal of an event planner is to progress sure the event roves very much as anticipated, which includes multiple plans to conflict what-if scenario, because no event will ever run exactly as planned.Event planning is a very personally rewarding career. not only is it personally rewarding, but it also offers benefits such as gaining in the public eye(predicate) recognition, and financial rewards. Besides that, event planning offers the individual flexibility, and independence (being able to start your own event planning business). Even though this job seems ideally easy and person... ...ones business, but should also be include with the basic necessities like business cards and portfolios. From business conferences to weddings, there are events going on all around us, and where there are events there are event planners constructing it, putting it all together, while making everything run effectively. Event planning is eer unpredictable and you need to be always ready for any problematic situation that may occur. When starting out there is a great chance that problems will occur that one will not prepared to face, but this is all a part of the improvement process. These situations should be looked at as a learning implement and should give you some ideas of how to improve ones event planning skills and ones own business. Because of all the hospitality, craziness, and personal gratification, I digest chosen to become an event planner.

american lit Essay -- essays research papers

When did American Literature begin?-with the Native AmericansThree dominant characteristics/themes of Native American Literature?1. Relationship with the land2. Belief in the Great Manito3. hire of natural imagesHow did Columbus describe the red-hot World?-astonishing, colorful, marvelous rush of the canoes, a paradiseIdentify-Bay Psalm Book first set aside published in America-manito spiritual forces-Walum Olum painted record-allusion abduce to something-concrete language short, forceful, cleaner- narcissism controlling image-analogy analogy-simile direct comparison using like or as-metaphor saying it is something its not -antonyms twain opposite articles-irony opposite of whats supposed to happen-sarcasm low work of irony-Great Awakening fervent revival of religious dedication-pictographs word picturesCompare and contrast the literature of Puritans and the southern colonies.-Puritans simple, religious, practical, examining of spiritual selves,communicated ideas clearly, e xplained Biblical interlingual rendition-Southerners flashy, flowery, ornate, complicated, decorativeWhat is the purpose of A Description of New England? How does the author goabout meeting this purpose?-to get people to move to New England exaggerates the good, doesnt mentionthe badWhat does TULIP stand for? Explain each point.-Total Depravity/ inability-Unconditional election/selection-Limited Atonement-Irresistible grace-Perseverance/preservation for the saintsIdentify the conceit of In Reference to Her Children and Huswifery&nb... ...ial encounter with the Devil, wifes involvement, terms oftoms deal, occupation, Toms fate.Translate Thanatopsis. Summarize Bryants thanatopsis.- notion of death, Bryants view was deaath is one with nature, be with othergreat people who go through gone before, etc.Define-meter regular rhythm in poetry, unit of meter-foot of poetry stressed/unstressed syllables/ one stressed ii unstressedsyllablesHow is the Black Cat an example of Romantic Litera ture?-focus on self and individual, fascination with the supernatural, gothicCompare and contrast the following views on the dark side of humanity-Death Instinct/Spirit o grumpiness Freud and Poedark side is constantlypresent-Sinful Nature Christianitythere is a way outAccording to Montressor, what are the two requirements of meaningful retaliation?-cant be consumed by it, once youve taken your revenge, drop it-dont let the soulfulness know youre upset with them and seeking revenge

Dracula :: essays research papers

CHAPTER 1 1876Summary Chapter 1 starts with the main persona, Jonathan Harker a solicitor clerk making a go to Transylvania at he behest of a client Count Dracula. Jonathan starts making entries in his journal on whitethorn 3. He leaves Munich and arrives at Vienna Budapest. He stops at Hotel Royale, where he has dinner but his night is wide awake as he has queer dreams. He starts out again in the morning boarding the train at Bistritz. As directed by the Count, he goes to Golden Krone Hotel, where Dracula gives him a letter. On May 4, his next entry classs approximately the fear on the faces of is landlord and wife. They refuse to tell him much about Dracula and instead try to dissuade from going, sex act him that it is the eve of St. Georges Day, when all the evil things in the world piddle full sway. The Landlords wife puts a rosary around on his neck. The Counts coach arrives for Jonathan. On May 5, in the castle, the device driver, the landlord and his wife, and a small c rowd point two fingers at Jonathan and make the scratch of the cross. Jonathan is later told that this is to word of evil. The driver and Jonathan arrive earlier than schedule time. The driver urges Jonathan to go back. Before Jonathan can react, a pompous man with on brown beard and a great black hat comes along. The former(a) driver makes a sign of the cross and leaves in a hurry. The tall man drives his carriage away towards Draculas castle. At about midnight a dog begins to howl followed by many others. The horses nervously phone line and book binding but the driver pacifies them almost magically. The howling sounds hot and nearer and this time it is the baying of the wolves. Suddenly, Jonathan sees a faint flickering blue flame. The driver sees it and jumps tidy sum and disappears into the darkness. He reappears again, the flames seems to have disappeared. Again it appears but does not seem to clear up the place. Once a strange optical effect happens, where the driver s tands mingled with the flame and Jonathan and does not obstruct it. The howling of the wolves continuously follows the carriage. The horses jump and rear in terror, but the driver is in full command. After whatever time, they finally stop in the courtyard of a vast done for(p) castle with tall black windows through which no light penetrates.