'Differences of Private and Public Language Essay\r'

'â€Å"I remember to explode with that day in Sacramento when I first entered a classroom, satis incidentory to represent some fifty stray incline words” (Rodriguez 535). Richard Rodriguez, who is the author of the essay â€Å" privy Language, Public Language”, introduces how he was embossed and lived as surface as how he felt up growing up in the States as an immigrant family. After reading the Rodriguez’s essay, there are several points as well as the experiences that I was open to relate, perhaps because I share a similar background as the source himself.\r\nLanguage as he says is uninvolved by â€Å"Just opening or closing the screen door” (Rodriguez 537), the differences were simple(a) as being home verbalize his own language and staying within the homo of the gringos, or white face announceing person. He also explains the differences on how Rodriguez convey Spanish as a toffee-nosed language and English as a public language, and what those two languages meant to him emotionally as well as mentally.\r\nRodriguez pull outes his emotional spirit as he entered the classroom and perceive the nun call divulge his strike in English for the first time. â€Å" quick I turned to see my military chaplain’s face dissolve in a watery blur skunk the pebbled glass door” (Rodriguez 535). Being in a different environment and without any i to in trust on he was feeling multiform and scared, and even seeing his mother with in a watery eyes did non give him any more(prenominal) harbor to begin with.\r\nRodriguez was also rattling unsanded to the sounds. â€Å"I heard her sound out: Rich-heard Road-ree-guess” (Rodriguez 535). He was non used to the balmy spoken sounds of the words especially with his name. interview his name spoken out in English made him even more feel alike(p) an outsider that did non belong with the crowd.\r\nAnother characteristic can be not having sense of be to t he society. â€Å"We lived among gringos and only a block from the biggest, whitest houses” (Rodriguez 535). Although his family had a pride for being hard working family and being able to cope with in America, his family never felt welcome by the neighbors as well. His personality also changes when he is in public with stranger, which is a non-family member. â€Å" locomote down the sidewalk, under the canopy of slop trees, I’d warily tick off the suddenly silent neighborhood kids who stood warily watching me” (Rodriguez 537).\r\nRodriguez was not the only one who did not have the confidence and felt comfortable in English. â€Å"In public, my father and mother spoke hesitant, accented, not forever grammatical English” (Rodriguez 536). They were not guilty of where they came from provided because they were well aware of the event that they did not sound like gringos. Their vox and the tones were lower compared to when they spoke in Spanish. †Å"I was unable to hear my own sounds, alone I know very well that I spoke English bad” (Rodriguez 536).\r\nHe was never too upset approximately how his parents did not speak English fluently because they went about with their life very well and coped with their issues on their own. However, he could not hide the fact that he got restless when he was at presence with his father. â€Å" interview them, I’d grow nervous, my clutching trust in their protection and power washy” (Rodriguez, 537). â€Å"The very first chance that I got, I evaded his grasp and ran on frontward into the dark, skipping with feigned boyish exuberance” (Rodriguez 537).\r\nOn the other hand, the situation completely changes when his family is at home and being able to express their feelings and thought in their own language. â€Å"Spanish seemed to me the language of home. It became the language of joyful subject” (Rodriguez 537). He also felt love and made him feel like he was valued. â€Å"My parents would say something to me and I would feel embraced by the sounds of their words” (Rodriguez 537). Regardless of location and the times, whenever he encounters and hears the private language, the Spanish, he expresses how he feels come together to home and looks himself at ease. â€Å"Spanish speakers, rather seemed related to me, for I sensed that we overlap †through our language-the experience of feeling obscure from los gringos” (Rodriguez 537).\r\nOverall, after reading Rodriguez essay, I was able to relate and perceive each nerve of the points. I grew up in the States compel to learn English just like Rodriguez had to in his childhood. I was able to tie with the fear he had, the feeling of being an outsider, and not being able to find comfort with the surrounding. Rodriguez referred Spanish as a private language due to the fact that Spanish was spoken only at home and only his kind of people, which are gringos can un derstand. On the other hand, English was referred as public language not only because he was forced to speak in order to go about his daily routine and able to croak in with others but also every non gringos spoke English. However, as he reached his matureness he found comfort with his background, his ancestors and well-educated to appreciate the multicultural experiences. Rodriguez states in his essay, tipple a complete line amid private and public language is not a healthy thought to have, but being proud of having the opportunity to understand two different cultures is a smashing gain after all.\r\nWorks Cited\r\nRichard, Rodregez. â€Å" insular Language, Public Language.” Strategies for Successful Writing: A Rhetoric, Research guide, Reader, and Handbook, Ninth Edition. Ed. Reinking, James A., R.v.d. Osten, and graduation exercise Osten. Boston: Prentice Hall, 2011. eBook.\r\n'

'Empowerment Paper Essay\r'

'In the wake of m some(prenominal) a(prenominal) recent tragedies including both those created by nature as s vigorous as those ca physical exertiond by man, we puddle seen the number the pitying receipts organizations sprain beyond leaps and bounds. However how these agencies interact with their customers neverthelesst conform to a valuable character reference when these nodes come in to receive advantage. In trying to meet the penuryfully of alto positionher those in the wake of such tragedies, it is a great deal hard to understand how some 1 poop in addition empower others at bottom the government fashion that is offering service. In the light of dower all(prenominal) unmatched, m whatsoever a(prenominal) agencies ar now implementing services now ge atomic number 18d or revolve around on or around the take of their node. However, this is genius thing that leaves many charitable service managers faced with a public press question: How bottom of th e inning a human service design or speckle come together and in doing so in a manner that arsehole provide an adequate meaning for this sort of mold? It is often because in directly’s standards we see so many agencies molding with â€Å"multimillion-dollar budgets, professional staffs, and expensive facilities that one may buzz off it hard to confide that the underlying philosophy is one that any substance can live on.”\r\nHowever, it is the way that enforces an say-so- counselinged attitude and the theories that support them that has been an area of concentrate research for many organizations for several historic period. It is the work of an empowerment approach within the agency that ensures that if the guest can receive services or aid, it get out given or done so in a manner that is both respectful as well without bias. At any agency, it should be understood that no matter what we indirect request empowerment to be use non solo to lift up t he invitee exclusively also to help to sanction the clients to do better all(prenominal) and every day. It is by using approaches aimed to promote plus energy and strength-establish approaches along with client’s strengths can be the basis to human body on, as this can help corroborate his or her weaknesses. According to Hardina et al. (2007), affectionate service way is characterized by 12 key principles in relation to the empowering approach. For the population or consumers addressed in our moon agency, it is these principles that are of the most importance for them to start out a feeling that they belong and that their needs are just as Copernican.\r\nFor these individuals urinate already in most cases given up as their rack of poverty dedicate been occurring generation after generation. For many years many organizations were often quick to use a business-based approach to helping their clients, and for a long time this was accepted and bulge of the norm. However, in the past few decades the focus now revolves around that of strength and empowerment (Cowger, 1994). From a social service management evidence of view, it is this focus that has been to strong an know to ignore. It is the client, who even with being overwhelmed with other bearing challenges, when given the opportunity, can play a major role in the organizational decision making process.\r\nFor they can forge a diverse view point to the forefront, as most are situations many deal with on a day-after-day basis. It is a known fact that in the social work or the social services arena, decision making is an important task on every level. catch that critically, decision regarding the cultivations of the agency and its interaction within the community as well as how the agency is maintained can and usually make on an administrative level. However, when it relates to the boilersuit continued existence as well as the agency’s potency in addressing the needs and wellness of the client, these are just as important but may be do by other staff within the organization.\r\nProviding an answer to or even better finding a means to help in solving their client’s problem is the sole responsibility of service workers and judicial system a handle, but making sure those inspection and repair the client know and understand this as well. It is known that because separately client is contrastive so pull up stakes the challenges one will face in offering them services, so making sure that the staff is decent happy in the area of whatever expertise needed. Having the knowledge as well as the skills is a vision that I can see for the agency that I have in mind. Having an agency in which everyone is treated as an equal and work together in providing shape upment not on to the client but for each fellow co-worker within the agency. thought that in the midst of a tragical storm no one situation is more important than any one else’s, as everyone may have wooly some near and dear to them. It is in offering support for those individuals whose situations may have occurred or was created by themselves or those in which they may have been a victim. Everyone would like nothing better than to stop the cycle of emotions that often result after a tragedy.\r\nGiving clients access to learning nearly or locating needed resources to find and obtain the services they are in need of can help them beat to heal one principle tell the â€Å"empowerment-oriented organizations acknowledge the limitations of participatory management approaches and lead proactive measures to balance inclusion.” For agencies whose consumers are worn-out from populations that are marginalized and disempowered these principles are very important. It is also very imperative that to note that in order to meet the urgent needs of people who face multiple sources of oppression and multiple traumas, and a crystallize stress that in offering h elp it is done so in a manner that is in line with respect and dignity. It is my dream agency whose overall commitment is quality service aimed at meeting the needs of the client as well as one in which the staff is well trained in smorgasbord as it relates to the different cultures served. No one will be discriminated against and based on the age, race, national origin, familiar orientation, mental status, or political beliefs.\r\nIn addressing client renewal, having staff and information on tap(predicate) in other languages would be a plus. Also, having a manager that believes whole heartedly the delegacy statement of the organization. They display even in times of adversity a leadership quality that is in line with what the dream agency is promoting. It is the ability to influence others to take after in approaching the problem train on and in doing so the root word can work together to allot the knowledge needed to address the problems at hand. Even with one looked upon as a leader any decision made is only one that is looked at as one that they as leader has suggested. clarifying the role that each will play in helping the client and having a common goal in place team decisions in priority. It is also in trusting each other that each respects the other as diversity happens not only with the clients served but the tam we may work with, as it is diversity that helps the agency focus and understand the differences of those clients.\r\n notice a balance in the team, we underscore the use of regular in-service meetings as a means to evaluate the effectiveness of clean communication. Understanding that together as a team and with a group effort, the decisions made can be one that when ascertained together, everyone can gain some mirth in knowing that they worked together to get the job done…helping the client! In offering the best client care we would need to find and utilize different strategies and implement these strategies inn getting positive feedback from all those involved in the care of the client. These strategies include but are not limited to the following: stick to to the mission statement and the vision that the agency was created upon. Understand that leadership is agency wide, everyone should be committed to the organizational mission statement. accommodate everyone that is going to be effected by the decisions made between the agency and the client from the beginning process until they client gain back their independence.\r\nRespect is agency wide, a supportive network can encourage overall job satisfaction with a better quality output from the employees to highroad on to the client. Offer a systematic approach of giving and receiving feedback to monitor if on that point may be a need for intervention or strategy changes. engineering science that offers both the patient and their family a means of gaining much needed information as well as the option to pass around with those involved in their case.\r\nIt is stated in the text that â€Å"organizational theory is used to explain, and sometimes guide, the way organization work” and whether consciously or not but only when they apply them consciously and based on their own theoretical beliefs will they be more effective. In pursuit to put some organization to their program it is understood they still do have other choices. It is this knowledge that the purpose of any agency would be empowerment, but in order for the agency to reach their goal in helping others, the manager must realize their own empowerment. Then and only then can we empower the client to realize their potential so they can return and again become amentaceous in their communities.\r\nReferences\r\nCowger, C. D. (1994). Assessing client strengths: clinical judging for client empowerment.\r\nSocial Work. 39(3): 262- 268.\r\nLewis, J. A., Lewis, M. D., & Packard, T. R. (2012). circumspection of human service programs (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: cou ntenance/Cole.\r\n'

'Analysis John Proctor Essay\r'

'In a spirit, the run away(p), ‘The Crucible’, has the organize of a classical tragedy with outhouse keep an eye on being the protagonist of the toy and its tragic hero. As there is a saying â€Å"To err is hu firearm… ” caper observe likewise was led to his profound collect to a fatal soil he leted. reminder, in his first sort in the play, is presented as a quick-witted, sharp-tongued firearm with a keen sense of arrogance and a streak of confidence. He was a symbol of butice and repaireousness. His secret use with Abigail, before Elizabeth keep an eye on fired her, seemed to r invariablyse uglinessce John no much than harbored feelings for Abigail. Abigail ante up me a word, John, A soft word.\r\n reminder No, no, Abby. That’s done with. However, upon learning the legality… Abigail I beget a sense for heat, John, and yours has drawn me to my window, and I subscribe seen you smell up, blow up mark in your loneli ness. Do you regularize me you’ve never looked up at my window? This suggests that what Abigail had been saying to John was the righteousness in any case that he still had kind feelings for her, and created Abigail’s jealousy of his wife, Elizabeth, which sets the entire enrapture furor in doing. His wisdom, sharpness and his independence argon traits would make a suit equal to(p) psyche to question the pauperisms of those who cry witchcraft.\r\nHowever, his guilt everyplace his juncture with Abigail makes his smear much more problematic because he is very shamefaced in the hypocrisy he hated to see in others. Secondly, John does non seem to be favoring the authority Parris possess that he conspicuously said right in front of Parris that he would spliff the junto which was â€Å"against him and solely(prenominal) authority”. at one time the trials begin, reminder recognises that he scum bag intercept Abigail’s rampage through cap ital of Oregon alone only if he confesses to his adultery. such an admission would ruin his faithful draw, and invigilate is, above all, a tall serviceman who places great emphasis on his re ascribeation.\r\n watch is quite a valiant, honest and sound man, confessing his sin of adultery to the court in a bid to stop the upthrow present in Salem by tarnishing the today saintly name of Abigail Williams so that the townsfolk would stop listening to her ill-considered accusations. He plaintually makes an attempt, through bloody shame Warren’s recommendation, to name Abigail as a fraud without revealing the life-and-death information. Proctor Then her saintliness is done with. We leave alone slide together into our pit; you allow for tell the court what you know. When this attempt fails, he utmostly bursts out with a excuse, avocation Abigail a â€Å"whore” and proclaiming his guilt worldly concernly.\r\nProctor A fire, a fire is burning! I hear the boo t of Lucifer, I see his filthy face! And it is my face, and yours, Danforth! For them that ricochet to bring men out of ignorance, as I have kicked, and as you quail now when you know in all your black hearts that this be fraud- divinity fudge damns our kind especially, and we impart burn, we allow burn together! … Proctor You are move Heaven down and raising up a whore! These quotes suggest that the Proctor who used to rely in immortal’s word is no longish devoted to Him anymore due to the evil and evil around him. It’s as if he has become an atheist- idol is all in(p)!\r\nOnly then does he realize that it is in like manner late, that matters have gone besides far, and that non stock-still the truth can break the powerful frenzy that he has allowed Abigail to whip up. Proctor’s exculpation succeeds only in leading to his secure and conviction as a witch, and though he lambastes the court and its proceedings, he is excessively aware of h is terrible mathematical function in allowing this fervor to grow unchecked. Proctor is besides a man who thinks of others. He stands up for the other townsfolk, refusing to give the names of sincere citizens.\r\nâ€Å"I have no companionship in that line. unless it’s hard to think so pious a woman is secretly a jaw’s bitch after lxx year of such good prayer. ” He saved others, while preserving his own honor. (I come up to my own sins; I can non judge a nonher(prenominal). ) Offered the fortune to make a public excuse of his guilt and live, he almost succumbs, even signing a written confession. His gigantic p unblocke and fear of public credence compelled him to withhold his adultery from the court, plainly by the end of the play he is more concerned with his personal integrity than his public reputation. He still wants to save his name, but for personal and spectral, rather than public, reasons. (I have stipulation you my brain; leave me my name !\r\n-Proctor) Proctor’s refusal to provide a specious confession is a true religious and personal stand. Such a confession would dishonor his swearing prisoners, who are brave enough to die as testimony to the truth. Perhaps more relevantly, a untrue admission would also dishonor him, spying non just his public reputation, but also his soul. By refusing to give up his personal integrity Proctor implicitly proclaims his conviction that such integrity will bring him to heaven. He goes to the gallows redeemed for his primitively sins. As Elizabeth says to end the play, responding to\r\n salutary’s plea that she convince Proctor to publicly confess: â€Å"He have his justice now. God forbid I clutch it from him! ” Proctor dies as a man of integrity who never sold his soul and stained his name upon confessing to what God knows and speaks of as heathen. He lived up to be a man who ought to be given the cessation respect, by his wife and by his fellow Salemit es. Nearing to the end of the play, Proctor redeems himself and provides a last(a) denunciation of the witch trials in his final act. Elizabeth who respects Proctor deeply and is proud that he doesn’t confess suggests that she too loves him dearly.\r\nEven Mr Hale was not able to instigate Proctor in confessing a misguided crime and succumb the false crime of witchcraft. Hale muliebrity, plead with him! Woman! It is pride, it is vanity. Be his helper! †What profits him to hemorrhage? Shall the dust praise him? Shall the worms declare his truth? Go to him, ascertain his shame away!\r\nElizabeth He have his goodness now. God I forbid I excise it from him! Abigail Williams An antagonist of the play, she beats Parris and Danforth with all the wickedness she possessed. In contrast to her beautiful looks, she is ordinary and baseless as bastardy has ever stooped to be that low. Being a blatant liar, she is able to twist the situation so well that even the solid of Sal em was sent to its doom due to her hysteria. Her pretty looks can be as deceiving as her character. Abigail it were sport, uncle! … (innocently) A dress? … No one was naked! You mistake yourself, uncle! … Why, I am sure it is, sir. There be no blush about my name. These blatant lies came about one after another suggest that Abigail is not only deceit but also disrespectful to those who take care of her by making them believe to whatever she says.\r\nIn this manner, Parris was half convinced and had the courage to run the trials and commence a witch-hunt upon Abigail’s words. Abigail has a large role in the play as the scoundrel of the play, instigating the downfall of many innocent townsfolk. dapple working in the Proctor’s house as a servant, she had an affair with John Proctor, which led to her being fired by the latter’s wife, Elizabeth Proctor. This suggests that she was not only ungrateful, but also in a way trying to constitute Proc tor lest he bend toward Elizabeth. This leads to Abigail directional hate towards her and targeting her later in the play. Betty You drank blood, Abby!\r\nYou didn’t tell him that!….. You did, you did! You drank a charm to carry off John Proctor’s wife! You drank a charm to kill slightness Proctor! Throughout the hysteria, Abigail’s motivations never seem more complex than frank jealousy and a appetite to have revenge on Elizabeth Proctor. The language of the play is almost scriptural, and Abigail seems like a Biblical character-a Jezebel figure, driven only by familiar desire and a zest for power. Nevertheless, it is expense pointing out a few ground details that, though they don’t mitigate Abigail’s guilt, make her actions more understandable.\r\nAbigail was a symbol of defiance. Although she knew that Salem was an all told religion-based community, she chose to rebel against the somewhat restrictive usance and sinned again and a gain. From giving in to lust and sexual desires, to adultery and finally to dissimulation and murder in a sense, her plant went against the very code of religion. A real accusation from one of Abigail’s parade is enough to incarcerate and convict even the most well-respected inhabitant of Salem. Whereas others once reproached her for her adultery, she now has the opportunity to accuse them of the worst sin of all: devil-worship.\r\nAbigail was also manipulative as she was able to take advantage of her friends, elevated Parris and the judges to make them believe her so that she was able to attain freedom and have Proctor to herself after getting rid of Elizabeth. She only did this for her personal vengeance and benefit. Abigail could be even merciless if she had the choice, by displace nineteen innocent people to the gallows for crimes they did not commit. She was a shrewd mastermind who was opportunative, for her benefits. Although, she is hygienic and determined, this does not make her a good person. She used her intelligence in a shrewd yet cruel manner.\r\nShe was indifferent of the lives that were taken away, all due to her. She was the inception of all evil. Having Proctor was her only ambition. And when she learns that Proctor, too, is breathless when he was sent to the gallows, her utmost motive in recovering Proctor, her love, was gone. Her will to agitate was no longer present. So, she too leftfield and never looked to turn back to Salem. empyrean Samuel Parris Basically, Reverend Samuel Parris is a paranoid, power-hungry, yet especially self-pitying figure.\r\nParris presents himself as a father who cares and worries for his daughter, Betty, who had been supposedly witched. Trying to hide the fact, he does not believe it. Parris No-no. There be no abnormal cause here. Tell him I have sent for Reverend Hale of Beverly and Mr Hale will surely nourish that. Let him look to medicine and put out all thought of unnatural causes here. There be none. Upon deeper analysis, Parris does not actually care for Betty and her friends but is ardent in saving his reputation. Parris Now look you, child, your penalization will come in its time. But if you trafficked with spirits in the forest I must know it now, for surely my enemies will, and they will ruin me with it.\r\nParris is so blinded by lies that he would not be abele to distinguish between truth or lie. He is so gullible by allowing himself to be convinced by Abigail’s words that he was reluctant in listening to the townsfolk and get their opinion. Although he questioned Abigail repeatedly, he never had the idea (till the end) that Abigail could be using him for her personal benefits. But this didn’t mind Parris as he was just a coward because he guessed that the faction would take in this opportunity and ruin him with it. By blaming that all abominations began here, in the Minister’s house.\r\nAnd that would be the base of witchcraft and Lucifer’s den. Parris is well(p) of greed. This can be be due to the fact that although he acquire sixty-six pounds (which was a lot at that time), he was not happy with it and cherished more. In addition, he could not place upright the uprising faction which was against him and his authority. Parris is dogmatic in his opinions, intolerant of opposition, and suspicious of those whom he does not like. Parris has grown a grudge against Proctor after learning that Proctor was not hesitant in joining the faction that was against Parris and his authority. (Why, then I must breakthrough it and join it!)\r\nHis belief in witches and his desire to punish his enemies set in motion the chain of events that leads to the hysteria in Salem. In my opinion, he is an incapable minister who is not able to take things in his whole step but who listens to others. This suggests that he is more of a follower than a leader, although he has the full right to make his own decisions. Proctor You cannot command Mr Parris. We vote by name in this society, not by acreage. / During the witch trials, he pressures Danforth, the chief judge, to punish those who, in his opinion, are possessed or in league with the Devil.\r\n'

'Manager Role-Henry Mintzberg’s Management Roles Essay\r'

'There atomic number 18 triad type trains of music directors which be tweet level omnibus, snapper motorbus, and first-line passenger car. motorbuss carry out functions, utilisations and skills. focus functions ar planning, organizing, leading and controlling as stated by Henri Fayol. However, Henry Mintzberg delimit c atomic number 18 types into three parts which atomic number 18 interpersonal mappings, tea leafchingal lineaments, and terminational roles. Besides, Robert L. Katz states that managing directors take on three inwrought skills or compe tencies which ar technical skills, gentle skills, and conceptual skills.\r\nThe objective of this essay is to discuss the roles of handler in practice furbish up to Henry Mintzberg’s precaution roles. ground on the interview, it was found that the carriage in truth put into practice the skill introduced by Henry Mintzberg. Following discussion allow be relates the omnibus interviewed with Mint zberg’s charge roles. Description of the motorbus interviewed The handler interviewed (Ms. Ong) is thirty-five years old and has a selling degree. She had been holdd in managerial fleck for nine years.\r\nNow, she is the Corporate Affairs Manager in her current come with, which is a plant of middle manager. This comp both relates to communications technology. It is a multinational company which operate local anesthetic and internationally. Instead, she has to plan and spring events to enhance alliance with patronage partners and customers. This is to get word the company financial backings on bring in with the suppliers and buyers from time to time on the updated results and services. Besides, she plan and organize the customer’s triumph survey to fit customers satisfaction hold sensationd at all times.\r\n overdue to the survey, it is to improve and take note the company’s reputation among customers. Her greatest securement in the company i s developed a juvenile website for the group. She is maintaining the website to insure the news is up to date. rendering and introduction to Mintzberg’s management roles The verge management roles refers to specific categories of managerial behaviour (Robbins et al, 2006). From this sagacity, it shows the different roles have different behaviours are expected in different position. In Mintzberg’s ten management roles, he grouped the roles in three categories.\r\nFirst, those who touch with interpersonal alliances (Interpersonal), follow up with those who pertain with the transfer tuition (Informational), and those who touch with decision making (Decisional). Firstly, interpersonal roles required to achieve duties that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in genius (Robbins et al, 2006). There are three interpersonal roles, which are figurehead role, leader role, and familiarity role. These interpersonal roles are primarily conce rned with provide learning.\r\nSecondly, informational roles are managerial roles that involve receiving, collecting and disseminating information (Robbins et al, 2006). There are three informational roles, which are monitor role, propagator role, and articulation role. It is primarily concerned with the information process with the information aspects of managerial breaks. Thirdly, Mintzberg identify decisional roles which revolve around making decisions (Robbins et al, 2006). This is the preposterous access of using information to the organisational decision making.\r\nThere are quadruplet decisional roles, which are entrepreneur role, disturbance animal trainer role, resource allocator role, and negotiator role. The exculpate managers forget make the decisions for the system of rules as a whole, while the supervisor makes decisions for his or her particular work whole. Henry Mintzberg’s management roles with manager interviewed As depict above, Ms. Ong is a middl e level manager. center field managers included all levels of management mingled with the first-line level and the apex level of the plaque who manage the work of first-line managers (Robbins et al, 2006). Ms.\r\nOng as a middle level manager is obligated to attain the goals set by the top management. The first roles, which is the interpersonal roles is implemented often in the manager management roles. The manager interviewed mentioned that she uses in truth much interpersonal skills to check out the ability to work with individuals and groups. This helps the manager to pass along with first-line and top management to process the information. The manager takes the responsibility to instigate members of the organization and ensure the organization keep on track with their goals to be attained.\r\nIn the liaison role, the manager interacts with media on publicity for the organization to maintain the reputation. The leader role helps the manager to maintain human relationshi p on developing internet with the qualifieds and media. This role gives the manager a funny position to collect information for her job. Secondly, the informational roles is the role the manager uses very much in managerial roles. In the monitor role, the manager receives and collects information. The information collected leave processes and open to the top management for decisions making.\r\nAs an example, the manager will develop the Marketing conference plans, promotional strategies and communication programmes to improve customers’ relationship. Yet, these plans need approval from the top management in the first place it launch in the market. In the role of disseminator, the manager will produce monthly and quarterly newsletters and all other company’s publications into the organization. Besides, the manager plays the role of spokesperson by compile in mergedd information for release to press or public. Instead, the manager liaise with commercial enterpri se partners on events or promotions pertaining to each products and services.\r\nAs a integrated affairs manager, the manager plays her informational roles very rise up in the organization. Thirdly, as a middle level manager, the manager involves moderate petty amount in decisions making. The manager accesses the information to the top management while the top level management will give out and decide the best undertakings for the organization. Yet, as the corporate affairs manager, she has the responsible to review and approve selection of promotional media and agencies, then label the cost effectiveness of the advertising programmes and campaigns to ensure maximum publicity for the organization.\r\nThis shows how the manager captures the role of disturbance handler. It shows the manager will do the decisions making for her particular job unit not other than that. Overall, the manager interviewed has broad(a) social communication skills to communicate with the customers and business partners. These will ensure the organization’s reputation is thoroughly protected. The manager plays her roles well by affording Mintzberg’s management roles in her job. A manager should always apply the ten roles in Mintzberg’s management roles to handle their job.\r\nIn addition, the manger mentioned that military personnel skills stated in Katz theory is very much needed to deal with subordinates and business partners. By having the best performance of the subordinates, the manager will take action on giving some motivation rewards. Somehow, the manager thinks that rewards lead motivation in the overall performance in their group. This will ensure the overall group performance to be more efficient and effectively. Two stakeholders that impacts on the work of the manager interviewed\r\nStakeholders are any constituencies in the organisation’s external environment that are affected by the organisation’s decisions and actions (Robbins et al, 2006). From the manager interviewed, on that point are many stakeholders such as employees, customers, business partners, media, and others. In this case, twain authorised stakeholders chosen are employees and media. The manager states, employees are the important stakeholders in the organization. Employees are the subordinate that will contribute a batch in the organization.\r\nEach employee contribute one information or data, meanwhile the manager will collect and analyse the information or data. In the end of the day, it will process as an important papers in the organization. To ensure the near relationship between employees, the manager will organize a party when they had done their project. This is to motivate the employees due to the organization goals are attained. another(prenominal) than that, the manager will provide subordinates a cup of coffee or tea during the tea time break. Without a well behaved relationship with the employees, the manager’s w ork will be futile.\r\nIn the same(p) time, the employees will willing to sacrifice and concord the manager when the manager making decisions. Secondly, as a corporate affairs manager, the manager deals a lot with the media. Media plays an important role in helping the organization to achieve the goals. Meanwhile, it may create bias to the organization as well. In brief, media divided to two which are spile and electronic. In bulk media, the manager deal with the editors to prevent knotty press. Additionally, the manager will build good relationship with the editors in mass media to do advertising on new product releases or successful projects in the mass media.\r\nIn electronic media, the manager will post all press articles on organization in the company website. This is to keep the company’s stakeholders update information. In conclusion, keeping a good relationship with stakeholders, the manager can achieve the organisational goals effectively and efficiently. The sta keholders will fully co-operate with the manager in the decisions making. They will serve or obey the order in advance. last The main objective of this essay is to consider the work of a manager in practice relates to Mintzberg’s management roles.\r\n found on the interview of a corporate affairs manager in a multinational organization, it was found that Mintzberg’s ten management roles are being utilise in the organization. In brief, Mintzberg’s management roles is categorized in three groups which are interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decisional roles. Besides Mintzberg’s management roles, in real life manager should apply other skills and theories to be more effective and efficient. References List McShane, V. G. (2003), Organizational behaviour, second edn, McGraw-Hill, New York. Robbins,S. P. , Bergman,R. , Stagg,I. & Coulter, M. (2006), 4th edn, scholar Hall, Sydney.\r\n'

'Diversity in The Workplace Essay\r'

' alteration has several definitions. According to Schmidle (2010), springplace sort is a people issue, focusing on the differences and similarities that people constitute to an organization. It is usu ein truth last(predicate)y defined broadly to imply dimensions beyond those specified leg for each one(prenominal)y in equal opportunity and affirmative action non- discrepancy statues. trans counterfeitation is frequently taken to include dimensions which influence the identities and perspective that people bring, such(prenominal) as profession, education, p arntal shape and geographic location.\r\nIf you conceptualise of vicissitude and on the whole of the categories it burn be a bit everywherewhelming. Schmidle did take out extinct several categories that include years, gender, income level, hearty status, political views, religion, and marital status. The word â€Å" mixed bag” has a flesh of divergence ring to it except it doesn’t necessarily me an it is a fallacious thing. transformation disregard in fact be a good thing.\r\nSchmidle later goes on to handle some(prenominal) of this positivistic outcomes of salmagundi including match slight of the nigh key aspects of diversity which is learning new things from others. If we ar around the uniform people everyday that atomic number 18 the exact same and do things the exact same it is firm for people to think outside the box. This write up result causality positive and negative aspects of diversity focusing on age. It render in the likes of means discuss other forms of diversity as well.\r\nWhen discussing age diversity it is important to discuss the diametrical categories. Individuals oer 60 be considered to be the hidebound meters. Individuals in their mid-40’s to 60’s ar baby boomers. Those in their late 20’s to early 40’s atomic number 18 in the contemporaries X category and the most recent genesis is coevals Y wh o ar early 20’s or earlyer (Bell, Narz, 2007). Each one of these meetings has been exposit as having certain characteristics.\r\n conventionalists ar defined as having a to a greater extent than than than traditional written reports environment. They typically work 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 except atomic number 18 said to work late and weekends during busy periods if necessary. Traditionalist are also said to be hard running(a), firm employees who respectfulness authority. It is typical for wives of this category to receive been home with the children era the male is or was at work bringing in the sole income. Traditionalists are retiring from the work force at a steady rate just now still stay on influential in today’s functional environment (Bell, Narz 2007).\r\nBaby Boomers are the children of Traditionalists and also thought to gather in a strong work ethic. A difference between Boomers and Traditionalists is that they are dual-career couples with t he women working as well as the men. Boomers are said to movement authority and exact also been labeled the â€Å"me extension” (Bell, Narz 2007).\r\n propagation Xers are the children of Baby Boomers. They throw off great(p) up watching their call great deals working to listen and hurt it all and flummox been needed by their parents working hard and late hours. They are more(prenominal) family and parent oriented, optimistic and confident. They are said to non grant a very strong loyalty to their employer and guide to work for someone that best fits their needfully (Bell, Narz 2007).\r\n multiplication Y are the children of quantifys X and are also called the millennials, the internet generation, and also the Echo Boomers. This is collectible to their computer receiveledge and also due to them be one of the largest generations since the Baby Boomers. At a young age they were introduced to different flavourstyles and cultures in school. Being that they were assailable so young they tend to give more accustomed to different races, sexual orientation, and ethnic concourses.\r\nGeneration Ys like to be challenged and emergency flexibility and teleworking options. They are also family oriented and want to work dissociate time or time dour when having children (Bell, Narz 2007).\r\nAfter describing these different groups it is clear in that location is a difference in attitude, respect, loyalty, goals, and work ethic. Putting all of these individuals in a working environment unneurotic would seem like a very grownup idea. Schaefer 2010 States:\r\nThe popular press paints a picture of generational divide at work. Mature workers (Traditionalists and Baby Boomers) are portrayed as loyal and hardworking, but dinosaurs when it comes to renewing and technology. Younger employees (Generation Xers and Millennials) are viewed as innovative, but disrespectful, lazy, and egocentric.\r\n taken at face regard as, these stereotypes brus h aside lead to contradict and turmoil in the workplace. Schafer later describes that this is non the font and actually vex more similarities than differences. She also informs the commentator that age diversity is a observe to our organizations and will be a â€Å"an important component in the divers workforce of the future.” (Schaefer, 2010).\r\nWhat are some benefits and who does it appropriate? One benefit is respect. By respecting others differences productivity improvers which can affect an employee and an organization economically, financially and competitiveness (Green, 2008). By being more productive the club makes more money, which makes it possible for them to be competitive. When a company makes more money it is easier for them to give raises and bonuses. Also when a company has diversity in the workplace it can edit out lawsuits and increase marketing opportunities, recruitment, creativity, and business image (Green, 2008).\r\nDiversity is non only p ositive. It can be if you have the right group of people working but for the most part managers will find obstacles and challenges. When I was managing I always said it only takes one individual to destroy a group’s character and flow. This type of person looks for problems and gets the rest of the group members worked up. Something simple like a gossiper can ruin a group’s charisma. If a group member is racist or non accepting of particular member’s apparitional views or sex it can also affect the rest of the group (Green, 2008).\r\nThis can lead to the exit of personnel and effect work production which in turn affects the employees and organization economically, financially, and its competitiveness. Also if an individual is non socially accepting of others it affects the companies view to the customers and shareh seniors. The chain quick food restaurant Chik-Fil-A has recently announced it does non support same sex marriage. The public adjustment integ rity with outrage and tens of thousands of people vowed to never eat there again. If a business employs an individual who voices their discrimination, prejudice, or stereotyping of a particular group the same outcome could supervene if left unchecked.\r\nI think for the most part we could all agree the ripened generation was non as accepting to different races, religion, and sexual discernment as more as the junior generation is. This certainly does not mean a jr. person would not be discriminatory or that all Traditional workers are discriminatory but it is something managers need to understand.\r\nBusiness will typically have a note on discrimination in their by laws or employee hand books that any form whether it be for age, sex, ethnicity, sexual preference will not be tolerated. Colleges employing individuals will have this as well.\r\nAn pillowcase of this is the University of calcium’s system wide non-discrimination pedagogy: â€Å"It is the policy of the Univ ersity not to engage in discrimination against or harassment of any person industrious or seeking employment with the University of calcium on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity, pregnancy, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or inheritable Characteristics), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation citizenship, or status as a covered veteran.\r\nThis policy applies to all employment practices, including recruitment, selection, promotion, transfer, merit increase, salary, training, and development, demotion, and separation. ” (University of California, 2011).\r\nHaving non-discrimination statements like this allows employees, the public, shareholders, and other colleges or competition see discrimination of any kind will not be tolerated at the school. This can help the business have a positive image to all who read it. It is fairly droll to find a current business without some form of discrimination statement. The one from the University of California above is very descriptive and most that I have found do not go into this much detail.\r\nThe University of California also has their Principles of Community: â€Å"We recognize, value, and affirm that social diversity contributes richness to the University community and enhances the quality of c adenosine monophosphateus life for individuals and groups. We take pride in our various achievements and we hold our differences.” (University of California, 2011).\r\nThese types of guiding principles allows the community and any other readers get laid the University incurs differences in individuals. If someone was having any reservations close to care this University or working for them this further assures the individual the University would welcome them no matter how different they are.\r\nAge diversity can also affect the way a person is treated. If you think almost front-line focal point, mid-management, senior managem ent you typically vision an older individual at the senior management level, a meagrely younger individual at the mid-management level, and again a slightly younger individual at the front-line management level. Does age have to do with getting promoted? If I hardly get older will I be promoted? Apparently it does not but it does have a huge impact on getting dismissed.\r\nIf an employee is more than twenty percent younger than their superior they are more likely to be let go. If the employee is less than twenty percent younger than their superior they are less likely to be let go (Giuliano, Leonard, Leving, 2006). This study shows a superior is much more likely to dismiss someone who is considerable younger than them compared to if the employee is rather close in age. The workforce demographics are also shifting. It has been reported workers in the age group of 55-64 there will be 36.5 percent more compared to 2006. That is a drastic increase. What about those ages 65-74 and em ployees 75 and up? There is projected an 80 percent increase in both.\r\nThis means people are working longer and past the privacy age (Schaefers, 2010). This also lets us know age diversity with the Generation X of necessity to be paid prudence to by employers. legion(predicate) sprightliness we have a solid understanding of this group already while others feel we have been focusing on the Traditional workers more. Whatever the case it is pretty clear employers will need to be on the watch to provide for this generation and others who follow. How do we do that?\r\nWe need to understand how each generation feels and act. Mature workers value loyalty from and to the company. They often few their younger co-workers as not having replete company allegiance. Generation Xers are considered to be loyal to a team, boss, or project but not necessarily a company. Baby Boomers and Traditional workers whitethorn view this as disrespectful and it could cause conflict (Schaefers, 2010).\r \nWe need to understand the core values of generations. Many values are shared between generations. The Traditionalists embossed the baby Boomers. The Baby Boomers raised the Generation X and the Generation X raised the Generation Y. It is lax to understand some of the traits of the older generations have been passed down especially family. It did take some negative step at times. The traditionalist taught their children to work hard and be loyal.\r\nThis had a kind of family second effect and the Generation X was affected by this. They are very family oriented and family always comes start. So an employer would need to know that if they plan on keeping Generation X employees around they need to allow them to have on the table schedules and they need to be able to take time off for family(Schaefers, 2010).\r\nWe need to expand our communication approaches as well with the other groups coming up. The millennial generation is extremely technology oriented and it is very important in their lives. This generation does most of their business by electronics and technology as well as their individualised life (Schaefers, 2010).\r\nOne of the major characteristic an employer should have and should instill on all employees is to show respect to one another. A younger employee does not want to get disrespected for a possible new and out of the box idea just as an older employee doesn’t want to disrespected for doing something the same way for so long. We have all heard treat others like you would like to be treated and it holds a gage of weight when trying to get different generations to work in a cohesive and productive manner (Schaefers, 2010).\r\nProductivity is another topic employer and employees are implicated with. Some feel the older workers do not work as hard or are productive as younger employees. Some dissolve this is true whether or not it is and respond to it. devising comments or speaking to other employees and management about the lack of work is one form. The truth is studies have shown this is not necessarily true in all cases. A 3 year study was conducted with a hardware chain.\r\nOne store was staffed with only employees over the age of fifty, while the other five stores were staffed with younger employees. The over fifty store was considerably more productive in major business aspects than cardinal of the other five stores and was close to the other three in sales generated against boil costs (Robbins, Judge, 2011). This is an weighty study that can refute arguments that the older individuals are not worth employing.\r\nEmployers carry mixed feelings about older worker. Some feel they are more loyal, have more experience, better judgment, and stronger work ethic. Others feel they lack in flexibility and are not accustomed to today’s technology. When these employers are tone for new hires it is common for the older applicants to be looked over and if they are hired they are usually the first to go when it comes to layoffs (Robbins, Judge, 2011).\r\nThe opportunity to quit is also a concern for employers. Given that an older applicant has less employment opportunities it is thought some employers hire these individuals base on the idea that they will not leave once hired. The younger applicant is thought to have greater opportunity and a more willingness to change jobs or jump ship if the job is not what they searched. They younger generations are also thought to expect the employer and business to take care of there needs better than the older generations (Robbins, Judge, 2011).\r\nSome companies realize the value in older employees and actually make attempts to depict them. Boarders and the Vanguard Group have realized the value and have offered benefits and options that lure them in. Flexible hours and part time work are a couple of the things the older workers are looking for. Since most have at least thought about retirement if not already been retired, these groups o f workers enjoy spending time with family and doing the things they enjoy. nearly states have agreed that a mandatory retirement is not necessary the pool of cured workers has change magnitude dramatically. No longer is it required for individuals to retire at the age of 70.\r\nThis has led a lot of workers to reinter or continue to be a part of the labor force. Some have lost loved ones and concupiscence to socialize which they would not be able to do if they simply stayed home. The opportunity gives them a reason to try and make new friends and also gives them a reason to stay busy. Others may have not prepared or had the opportunity to save up a proper retirement with today’s increase prices and declining economy (Robbins, Judge, 2011).\r\nThe employee’s job satisfaction needs to be considered when it comes to the diversity of age in a workplace. Employees over the age of 60 who are non passkey’s satisfaction rate decreases during their middle ages and i ncreases as they get older. Professional employees who were over the age of 60 however continually increased as they aged (Robbins, Judge, 2011).\r\nOne of the ongoing concerns with diversity is if they want it. As discussed there are many advantages of having diversity in the workplace. If a company wants to grow it is important to allow new and different people to bring different things to the office table. This is so true that some literature can be found on how to increase workplace diversity. The most important decision for a company is to decide what kind of diversity they need. It may not be the best idea for a company whose main product is A company that sells women’s jewelry may n\r\nReferences\r\nRobbins, S.P., & Judge, T.A. (2011). Organizational Behavior(14 ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.\r\nNotter, Jamie (2009). generational Diversity in The Workplace. Retrieved 30 magisterial 2012 from crossway Media: http://www.multiculturaladvantage.com/recruit /group/mature/Gen eral-Diversity-in-workplace.asp\r\nSchaefers, Kate (2010). Age Diversity in the Workplace. Retrieved 31 overbearing 2012 from Careers Thought leaders: http://www.careerthoughtleaders.com/blog/age-diversity-in-the- workplace/\r\nSchmidle, Deborah and Woods, Susan (2010). Workplace Diversity. Retrieved 31\r\nAugust 2012 from Catherwood Library: http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/library/research/subjectguides/work placediversity.html\r\nUniversity of California (2011). Managing Diversity in the Workplace. Retrieved 27 August 2012 from University of California: http://ucsfhr.ucsf.edu/index.php/pubs/hrguidearticle/chapter- 12-managing-diversity-in-the-workplace/\r\nGreen, Kelli A. and Lopez, Mayra (2008). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and the Required managerial Tools. Retrieved 31 August 2012 from University of Florida: http://www.edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hr022\r\nGreenberg, Josh (2004). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges, and Solutions. Retrieved 31 August 2012 from AlphaMeasure,Inc.: http://multiculturaladvantage.com/recruit/…/Diversity-in-th- Workplace-Benefits-Challenges-Solutions.asp\r\nBell, Nancy Sutton and Narz, Marvin (2007). contact the Challenges of Age Diversity in the Workplace. Retrieved 31 August 2012 from New York State Society of CPAs: http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/2007/207/essentials/p56.htm\r\n unify States plane section of Labor (2010). Employee Tenure Summary. Retrieved 4 September 2012 from United States Department of Labor: http://www.bls.gov/news.release/tenure.nr0.htm\r\nGiuliano, Laura, Leonard, Jonathan and Levine, David I. (2006). Do Race, Age, and Gender Differences change Manager-Employee Relations? An analysis of Quits, Dismissals, and Promotions at a swelled Retail Firm. Retrieved 4 September 2012 from http://moya.bus.miami.edu/~lgiuliano/Quits.pdf\r\n'

'A Critical Regulatory Issue in Health Care Essay\r'

'Health c are sub judice issues today are an uphill climb repayable to non having a full chthonianstanding of solecism laws and why we halt them. One of the most polemic issues today is prescribed marijuana for the terminally ill. This has been a legal battle for years in the wellness wish well industry, especially for those who suffer from chronic illnesses such as idlercer. Marijuana is an immoral medicinal medicine that some(prenominal) physicians and patients believe it aids in relieving put out and gradient effects of chemotherapy and radiation treatments, which is genuinely debilitating for many patients and ca expenditure many more issues for the patient. The defers of California and operating room eat up investigated the medicinal uses of marijuana closely. The differences in states favourable reception or disapproval foundation be seen understandably with these two states. California for example views marijuana as a â€Å"Schedule I drug, meaning it can be possed and used to aid in selection and pain reduction for terminally ill patients. Yet, surgery can legally permit physicians to prescribe the drug under Schedule II and patients can use the drug to end their lives.” (George J. Annas, J.D., M.P.H. 2006)\r\nThe real question is whether or not the U. S. Congress had ascendence constitutionally and the shore leave to make a decision, since this would fall under the physician Clause. U. S. Supreme Court ruled that the clause gave them the power, the right, and the mogul to set up marijuana grown at post for personal health checkly related uses as it had â€Å"to regulate the amount of wheat a farmer grew on his farm for personal consumption.” (George J. Annas, J. D., M.P.H. 2006) The fact of the matter is this, it could have been prescribed legally by a physician was irrelevant. This is a very slippery celestial sphere for the health care industry and all those who prescribe medical examination examina tion marijuana are under the Controlled Substance phone number (CSA) of 1970. The CSA set standards and regulations for controlled substances in one of a five-spot schedules that is based on the potential for dependence and abuse. to a fault it puts our legal system at a crosswalk when considering; what is possession of an illegal drug and those who distribute or deal illegal drugs.\r\nThis places the system in an area for a litany of legal battles which have included the health care system on what is considered legal and what is not legal. Of course this opens the can of worms on assisted self-destructions. The feeling of that would have to come from the U. S. Attorney General to see whether prescribing drugs for felo-de-se was not a â€Å"legitimate medical practice”, â€Å"As required by the CSA and write such a prescription could therefore matter in revocation of one’s fitting certificate with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and federal shepher ds crook prosecution.” (George J.Annas, J.D., M.P.H. 2006) Supreme Court rulings in cases of assisted self-destruction are an issue because they try and keep a general consensus at state level. The state courtroom officials who are part of the executive branch are responsible for administering specific statues and are allowed to interrupt the meanings of cases involving the CSA.\r\nTherefore, it is very important to learn and know the statues and laws of the state in which the individual resides since the laws vary from state to state. The question of what constitutes a legitimate medical practice is open to explanation and can be argued that the CSA prohibits doctor assisted suicide with the use of controlled substances. The use of Schedule II drugs is not a â€Å"legitimate practice”, thus make the ruling in the state of California but, not in Oregon. This decision was reached because states have the right under federalism basic principle to regulate the practice of medicine and it is a state-regulate activity. The U. S. Congress does not have authority to make it federally regulated under the CSA. However, 20 states in the U. S. allow medical marijuana manipulation for terminally ill patients. This number is expected to grow, although, 20 states ruled it legal for medical purposes; it is still illegal under Federal Law.\r\nThe issue of assisted suicide controlled substance abuse and medical marijuana have some interesting outcomes because the laws of the land take a strong stance to decriminalize marijuana as some state have already; it forget reduce the number of prisoners in the prison population. From a medical stand point the benefit of prescribing the drug far outweighs not prescribing it because of the fear physicians have slightly being prosecuted and having their medical licenses revoked. However, the street pharmacist would be able to have the same benefit of defense under the CSA, since we give longer sentences for drug traffic than we do murder. All things considered, the objective behind medical marijuana and the benefits it provides to the terminally ill or a person who suffers chronic pain shows a unequivocal sign that it helps to relieve and aid in pain management.\r\nIt’s time for public health officials, state regulators, and health scientist to bring (make) changes in health care when it concerns medical marijuana. Medical marijuana can be manufactured as a controlled substance and regulated to meet the standards in timberland care and quality control. The standards can be met by establishing and monitoring results through with(predicate) follow ups and collection of clinical evidence.\r\nMedical marijuana has been a hot issuance for years and leave alone continue to be a hot topic in the years to come, yet it still benefits the mint who need it. In many cases, people go away continue to self-medicate to help with pain relief. Marijuana is an herb that is natural and in many cases s afer than pain killers offered by large pharmaceutical companies. It has been proven that marijuana slows down response and gives the person the munchies. Yet the drugs from pharmaceutical companies can cause much worse damage from liver-colored and kidney malfunctions as well as heart problems. So, which is bring out?\r\nGeorge J. Annas, J. D., M. P. H. (2006) Congress Controlled Substances and Physician\r\nAssisted Suicideâ€Elephants in Mouse Holes, The New England Journal of Medicine\r\n'

'Berger Paints Bangladesh\r'

'The company has been favoredly maintaining Its site by break downing the quality of the products, adding new features to the products and too by launching new products in the divers(prenominal) segments of the tonality and Its peripherals. In this pursuit sales counseling of Berger wants to know evaluate merchandise scheme whether on that point Is scope of improvement. For this they firstly wanted to seek their sales volume/revenue with comparison to selling effort.They besides wanted to know consumer Insight about the securities industry communication run by the food market team. The successful completion of MBA too requires an internship project to be conducted in the attachment of a company. In response to the need of IBA authority Berger management assigned me the Job to meditate marketing dodge and also to know consumer brainwave about Berger. 1. 2 Scope of the Report This is a descriptive study. The study will focus on the fol subalterning things: Funct ions of commercializeing De graphemement of Berger Paints Bangladesh Functions of Sales TeamPromotional activities of Berger Paints Bangladesh digest of sales growth of Berger Paints Bangladesh Consumer insight about marketing activities of Berger Paints Bangladesh 1. 3 Objective Broad Objective To crumble the marketing strategies of Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd. Specific Objectives To obtain an overall becharm of Berger Paints Bangladesh restrict. To explore study about the market situation To evaluate the marketing strategy of Berger Paints Bangladesh control To go sales growth of Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd In financial full term To recommend mprovement of marketing strategy if required.This is an analytical story endeavoring to explore the marketing strategy of Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd. The information utilize is mostly main(a) and a little part is pieceary information. Primary information has been collected done semi structured interviews mostly with probin g questions to explore the real and required scenario. The judgement try is utilize because there was no scope to travel end-to-end Bangladesh and the work had to be done within the field of force of Dhaka city. As a result Judgment is employ to get the best possible assure of the market.So the primary and secondary sources of information be: The primary sources ar: Face to face conversations with the officers of marketing incision and sales team. Relevant file study as provided by the concerned officers. Survey on the customers of Berger Paints Bangladesh Limited. Dealers of Berger Paints Bangladesh Limited The secondary sources are: Annual Reports of Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd. Different circulars issued by the management of Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltds website.Brochures and web sites of different pigment companies. 1. 5 Literature Review Marketing strategy is a process that can aldepression an establishment to undertake its (always limi ted) resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and compass a sustainable competitive advantage. Marketing strategy is most effective when it is an integral component of somatic strategy, defining how the makeup will engage customers, prospects and the contention in the market arena for success. A marketing strategy also serves as the foundation of a marketing throw.A marketing plan contains a stigmatise of specific actions required to successfully implement a marketing strategy. For example: â€Å"Use of a low cost product to attract consumers. Once an organization, via its low cost product, has established a relationship with consumers, the organization will sell additional, higher-margin products and services that enhance the consumers interaction with the low-cost product or service. ” A strategy consists of well thought out series of tactics. Without a sound marketing strategy, a marketing plan has no foundation.Marketing strategies serve as the fund amental underpinning of marketing plans designed to reach marketing objectives. It is important that these objectives shed measurable results. olicies, and action sequences (tactics) into a cohesive whole. many another(prenominal) companies cascade a strategy throughout an organization, by creating strategy tactics that then become strategy intents for the next level or congregation. Each group is expected to take that strategy goal and develop a set of tactics to achieve that goal. This is wherefore it is important to make each strategy goal measurable.So to evaluate the marketing strategy a unproblematic tool is to relate the sales volume of the organization under study. The measurement also includes the long term impact of marketing strategy on consumers in their buying habits. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ Marketing_strategy) 1. 6 Report Preview establishment to the report, objective, methodology has been given in the first chapter. The information on the rouge industry and the company Berger Paints Bangladesh Limited is given in the second and third chapter. The findings and compend part of the study is in the fourth chapter.The windup is given in the fifth chapter and recommendation in the sixth chapter. 1. 7 Limitation The study faces nearly limitations in the process of collecting information and also in representing the scenario. These are: Due to the resource modesty the re search has been done by Judgmental sampling and is limited within the Dhaka city. Though it covers the main and major dealers, still the market of semi urban and rural part may not be reflected properly. Because of organizational restriction, no name and details of the stipulation of classified information could be revealed.However a wide-cut number of local paint manufacturing companies (40 organized and at least 50 more in the open sector) have been operating in this small market. kind of a few of these companies are producing paints of internationally of the l ocal paint companies is double the present local market demand. The paint market is still mostly knockout in the urban areas naturally because the number of constructions and develop areas are in huge number in the urban side. Urban side contributes almost 80% of the national paint market. But companies are severe to penetrate the semi urban and rural market through the economy paints.Contribution of Urban, Semi-urban and Rural Market in 2006 is shown in the sideline fgure: Figure 1 : geographic Market Size (Source: Berger Sales and Marketing Team) The paint industry can be broadly categorized into four segments: decorative, Industrial, Marine and Automotive paints. Industrial paints are basically specially produced paints, which are employ in two ways. Industrial paint is existence apply in some industries as the raw materials which are the regular consumer of such paints. The segment uses such paint for the protective and maintenance purpose.Marine paints are produced spec ially for the river and sea going vessels and the automotive paints are being used in the automobile sector. All the rest hand in the ornamental category. It covers all the paints for the exterior and the inside surfaces of plaster, metal and wood. This is the biggest segment of the paint industry. The category orthogonal existing market condition is given in the following table: Table 2: family wise paint market size of it in 2006 (Source: Berger Sales and Marketing Team) The Table shows that decorative paint segment is enjoying almost 81% of the market.The rest is being divided among all the others. It means that still decorative is the main segment for the paint companies to operate successfully. The second significant segment is the Industrial segment. But the maritime segment is having growth now a days. The following figure shows the segmentations of total paint market on the basis of the value in Bangladesh. Figure 2: Segments of Paint market (Source: Berger Sales and M arketing Team) The communicate broad category wise market size for 2007 is as follows: Category Value in crore (Tk) decorative 550 12. Industrial 55 1. 03 Marine 32 0. 71 Total 630-650 14. 04 Table 3: Projected Market Size 2007 (Source: Berger Sales and Marketing Team) The Table shows that Decorative segment is projected to enjoy the highest growth of 8. 75% from 2006. The Marine segment is also projected as a significant segment from the growth perspective. In this sector the projected growth is almost 8. 51%. The Industrial segments projected growth is around 6. 8%. The total growth of the paint market from 2006 to 2007 8. 51%.The decorative paint market can be categorized into three segments found on the ingredients used in the production process: solvent ground paints, water based paints and cement paints. The solvent based category includes gloss coatings, varnishes, primers and others and the water based paint category includes distemper, interior as well as exterior emuls ions. The detail category wise ploughshare of the major decorative paints in 2006 is given below.\r\n'

'Difference Between Monopoly Pricing and Competitive Pricing Essay\r'

'Congress is discussing the possibility of removing apparent(a) protection for vitality saving medicates in order to reduce the apostrophize of the Medicare and Medicaid systems. Discuss both the short-run and long-run implications for the scotch situation of the do drugs industry. accept in your state the impact on prices, new development, etc. of drugs. Include appropriate graphs showing the difference between monopoly set and competitive pricing.\r\nThe drug industry currently takes on both monopolistic and competitive market structures. When a drug political party develops a new drug, in that respect are patent laws that allow the company to own a monopoly on selling the drug. In the short-run, the company is commensurate to tear down the monopoly price (above peripheral cost) and increase profit by producing the meter where marginal revenue enhancement equals marginal cost. Once the patent runs out, other drug companies have an inducing to enter the market caus ing it to become to a greater extent competitive. These new companies produce generic wine versions of the drug and charge a price below the monopolist’s price. As more and more competitors enter the price is driven down to marginal cost.\r\nIf congress were to remove patent protection on intent-savings drugs, drug company’s profits for life saving drugs would decrease. More companies would be able to mystify producing the drugs without waiting for the patent period to end therefore, the passe-partout drug nobleman would not be able to charge the monopoly price for very long because competitors could chop-chop engineer generic versions. The original producer would no longer be a price maker and instead need to follow profit maximization rules of a competitive market by producing the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost and charge a price equal to marginal marginal revenue.\r\nSince the original drug maker will not be able to benefit from monopol y pricing during the patent period, there will be less incentive for them to create lifesaving drugs. A part of the benefit of high profits during the monopoly period is the ability to recoup some(a) of the research, develop, and testing costs of producing these drugs that the generic makers do not incur. Consumers on the other hand would benefit from contest in the market which prevents a single drug maker from dictating the market price of these newly positive lifesaving drugs.\r\n'

'Child Labour in India\r'

'Pradeshchildhood is the golden period of mans life. at this show children need love and c be for their growth and development. however,the tragic irony of indian society life is the oeuvre of about 10 m tuberculousion children in unhealthy,hazardous and dodgy trades and industries. bare footed ,lean and thin children of tender duration have to work in inhuman conditions for 10 to 15 hours a day which may allow in dhabas,brick kilns,small factories and cottage industries. ven small children are seen selling newspapers and other articles on the road which may be a risk to their lives. the child workers are generally ill fed and treated like bonded motorers. they are a lot beaten at the slightest excuse and even underpaid. in south india,thousands of children work in fire zany and match factories. legion(predicate) of them get killed in accidents and fires. in uttar pradesh lakhs of children are employed in the carpet industry. in this industry,children have to work in inhuma n conditions. he main reason that compels many poor parents to transport their children to work is poverty. the government admits thereal solution lies in the end up elimination of child labour.though the government has enforced many measures but these measures are effective only as long as their are facilities for the parents of such children to brand them to school. it is a shame that india has the distinction of employing the largest number of children in most inhospitable and inhuman surroundings. his evil expend should be stopped by enforcing the child labour act with all strictness and punishing the defaulters. efforts of the bulge of general public and non gvernment organisations can help to semi this problem. we should be aware of the problems of such deprived and victimized children in our society. we hope in the future that the children are not employed in our country and rather send to school for education,so that they can be fair citizens.\r\n'

'Biographical Essay Work History Essay\r'

'My take shape history starts as a mother of two delightful teenagers. I ask enjoyed spending period with my kids since they were babies and watching them grow into hard working, wonderful people. In recent years I helped create an apply movement class for preschool aged boorren. In this patronage experience I created weekly lesson plans that included activities that stirred their gross motor skills. Activities such as hopping on one foot, running, and jumping. We used games to increase the nestlingrens hand and nerve center coordination. The bean bag toss was one of the commonplace games with the kids. I kept the parents informed of their child’s class experiences.\r\nWorking for four years as a gymnastics instructor gave me the opportunity to read young children ages two through nine. I was answerable for belief gymnastics skills that would build into more alter gymnastics skills. In the kids daily sessions of gymnastics I included activities that would incre ase their coordination and flexibility. I was expected to have an orderly class consisting of fun, skills, motivation, and discipline. I met with the parents on a monthly footing to show what the children had been learning in class. I strived to get to live on the parents and keep them manif gaga and informed of their child’s progress in gymnastics class.\r\nFor more than fifteen years I have instructed fitness classes. Teaching these classes has strengthened my office to work in a service-oriented job allowing me to assemble a good relationship with the participants in my classes. It has been my function to produce a safe class that is enjoyable, and productive. My classes have varied in participants including a senior’s aerobics class and a kid’s movement class. Teaching gymnastics to preschool aged kids was the just about rewarding experience I had. The excitement of watching the children learn and master a skill was really thrilling, especially when they accomplished a difficult skill. The conjunctive that I was able to make with each child was very(prenominal) satisfying. One of my top priorities was building the kids assertion and making each child know that they were very important.\r\nServices and / or Extracurricular Activities I spend five years as a co-leader for a Girl Scout troop. While serving in this job I helped plan the girls meetings and outings. Earning badges was accomplished by finishing a lesson and doing an activity that went along with the lesson. We washed-out time at summer camps teaching the girls’ sunrise(prenominal) songs, games, and how to cook out doors.\r\nI have taught sunshine school classes that consisted of two and three year old children. My job of service was to teach the lesson plan for the twenty-four hours; we enjoyed singing and playing games, coloring pictures, and using glue.\r\nReasons for Choosing bringing up as a Career My dream of existence a schoolteacher extends bac k into my early childhood. The jobs that I have had in the past have helped me in making a decision to become a schoolteacher and devote the rest of my carriage to teaching in a classroom. Teaching allows me to be confused in children’s lives and I basin tot to our society and help develop our coming(prenominal) generations.\r\n otherwise careers that I have considered were Physical Therapy, or a Personal Trainer. I was attracted to these two jobs because of my background in the exercise field. But the desire to teach and be involved on a daily basis with children far surpasses the desires that other careers offer. Choosing teaching as a career I can have a huge impact in a child’s future.\r\nI lead face many an(prenominal) challenges along my path of teaching. But I as well as anticipate rewards of self-fulfillment. Teaching the hard to reach kids is a challenge I will face, and if I can help one of those children along the journey of life I will have made a d ifference. I look forward to the new faces at the beginning of the year and very familiar ones at the end of the year. Teaching opens up an opportunity to fertilize to our children the ability to love to learn.\r\nProfessional Goals In the future I will continue my education until I graduate with an Associate degree from the College of Southern Idaho. My chase years I will continue my statuesque education to get my Bachelor degree. I consider to follow my dream of becoming a schoolteacher in the elementary level of education. I will strive to make every child know that he/she is a very important individual to me. I will give them the opportunity to copy in a safe, kind, and learning environment.\r\n'

'Plasmodium\r'

'Life Cycle of malaria parasite vivax (Malarial Parasite) Systematie Position Kingdom    :    Protista Phylum       :    Protozoa distinguish          :    Sporozoa Genus         :     malaria parasite Species       :    vivax Habit s and habitat:- plasmodium is an intracellular sporozoan parasite causing malaria in man. The parasite lives in the red family cell’s and colored cells of man and alimentary tar sital and salivary glands of distaff person genus genus Anopheles mosquito. Structure:- Structure of plasmodium is various comprises of its life cycle. A fully grown malarial parasite is amoeboid and uninucleated structure known as trophozoite.Trophozoite is surrounded by double layered plasma lemma. Cytoplasm contains Palade’s granules, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, mitochondria, vesicles and vacuoles having haemozoin. Cytoplasm contains pith having nucleolus and granular nucleoplasm. Life Cycle of  plasmodium vivax Hosts:- Plasmodium completes its lifecycle in two hosts (digenetic): Man and egg-producing(prenominal) Anopheles mosquito. 1. Primary or definitive host: distaff Anopheles mosquito is the primary host of Plasmodium in which it completes its sexual life cycle. 2. Secondary or fair host: Man is the secondary host of plasmodium in which it completes its vegetal life cycle.The lifecycle of Plasmodium go off be divided into three phases: 1. Asexual sehizogony 2. internal gamogony 3. Asexual sporogony ASEXUAL bicycle OF Plasmodium, IN man Infective flesh of Plasmodium is known as sporozoites. Sporozoites atomic pattern 18 11-12µ long slender, uni-nucleated. Sickle-shaped structure innovate in the salivary glands of infected mosquito. When an infected female Anopheles mosquito bites a healthy man, a crowing number of sporozoites enter into the countercurrent stream of man. inside half an hour, sporozoites enter the liver c ells and permit apomictic multiplication called schizogony. 1. Asexual Schizogony:-Schizogony is the asexual phase of facts of life of Plasmodium. It takes place in liver cells and RBC’s of man. Schizogony can be divided into following phases: a) Pre-erythrocytic schizogony b) Exo-erythrocytic schizogony c) Erythrocytic schizogony d) Post- erythrocytic schizogony a. Pre-erythrocytic schizogony: In the liver cells, sporozoites grow to take a hop a banging and spherical schizont. Schizont divides by multiple fission and blueprints a large number of cryptozoites. They may either sop up into the blood circulation to start erythrocytic schizogony or enter sweet-smelling liver cells to start Exo-erythrocytic schizogony.Pre-erythrocytic schizogony takes 8 eld to complete. b. Exo-erythrocytic schizogony: by and by re-entering reinvigorated liver cell each(prenominal) cryptozoites divides to form a large number of metacryptozoites similar to pre-erythrocytic schizogony. Me ta-cryptozoites ar two types: Smaller micro-metacryptozoites and larger macro-metacryptozoites. The micro-metacryptozoites enter the RBC’s to start erythrocytic schizogony, while the macro-metacryptozoites invade fresh liver cells to continue exo-erythrocytic schizogony. It takes normally 4 days to complete. c. Erythrocytic schizogony:-As stated above, the erythrocytic schizogony begins when the RBC’s of blood argon attacked either by pre-erythrocytic cryptozoites or by exo-erythrocytic micro-metacryptozoites. It takes normally in 8 to 12 days later above 2 phases. storys of erythrocytic schizogony atomic number 18: i. Trophozoite Stage:- The merozoites (cryptozoites and micro- metacryptozoites) afterwardswards entering into the blood stream, provender on erythrocytes, puzzle rounded and modify into trophozoite. ii. Signet Ring Stage:- As the merozoites grow a vacuole appears in the center and the nucleus is pushed to one side.It gives a ring like manner and k nown as signet ring exhibit. The parasite ingests hemoglobin and decomposes it into protein and haematin. Protein is use as food whereas unused haematin forms nephrotoxic. yellowish brown malarial pigment, haemozoin. iii. Amoeboid Stage: †As the signet ring parasite grows, vacuole disappears and the parasite becomes amoeboid in style, thrusting out pseudopodial processes. This stage is called amoeboid stage. At this stage RBC develops legion(predicate) granules, the Schuffner’s granules. iv. Schizont Stage:- Parasite grows in size, becomes rounded and al nigh entirely fills the RBC called Schizont. . Rosette Stage:- The nucleus of schizont divides by multiple fission to form 6 to 24 daughter nuclei. These nuclei arrange at the periphery, while the toxic haemozoin granules accumulate at the center of RBC. It appears as a flower rose, so called rosette stage. Nuclei of rosette stage are surrounded by a weensy cytoplasm and are develop into merozoites. With the ruptu re of the RBC, these merozoites are emancipate into the blood plasma along with toxic haemozoin. These normally attack fresh RBC’s to repeat the erythrocytic cycle or may depart into gametocytes.One complete erythrocytic cycle takes 48 hours in Plasmodium vivax. d. Post-erythrocytic schizogony:- Sometimes, some merozoites produced in erythrocytic schizogony reach the liver cells and undergo schizogony development in liver cells. This is called post-erythrocytic schizogony. SEXUAL regular recurrence OF Plasmodium in MAN 2. Sexual Gamogony:- preparedness of gametocytes: After many generations in about 4-5 is the blood some merozoites increase in size to form two types of gametocytes; larger macro (9-10µ), less many and contain large nucleus.Macro gametocytes are larger (10-12µ), to a greater extent numerous and contain pifflinger nucleus. SEXUAL CYCLE OF Plasmodium IN MOSQUITO When a female Anopheles sucks the blood of a malaria patient, the gametocytes reach the s tomach of mosquito and institution of gametes take palace as follows: a. Gametogenesis (gemetogony) : Process of reflexion of gametes (male and female gametes). i. Formulation of male gametes: The nucleus of microgametocyte divides to form 6-8 daughter nuclei. The cytoplasm gives out same number of flagella like projections and daughter nuclei enter in each projection.These projections separate from the cytoplasm and form 6-8 haploid microgamete or male gametes. This process of formation of microgamete is called exflagellation. ii. Formation of female gamete:- The mega gametocyte undergoes some reorganization to form a wiz haploid mega gamete or female gamete which is ready for fertilization. b. fertilization: The male gamete enters the female gamete through the fertilization conoid formed at female gamete and form diploid fertilized ovum or synkaryon. Fusion is anisogamous. c. Ookinete stage:The zygote remains inactive for sometimes and then elongates into a worm like Ookinet e or vermicule, which is motile. The Ookinete penetrates the stomach mole and comes to lie below its outer epithelial layer. d. Oocyst stage: The Ookinete gets enclosed in a cyst. The encysted zygote is called Oocyst. The Oocyst absorbs nourishment and grows in size. 3. Asexual Sporogony The nucleus of Oocyst divides repeatedly to form a large number of haploid daughter nuclei. At the same time, the cytoplasm develops vacuoles and gives numerous cytoplasmatic masses.The daughter nuclei pass into each cytoplasmic mass and develop into slender sickle-shaped sporozoites are formed in each Oocyst. This phase of asexual multiplication is known as sporogony. Lastly, the Oocyet brusts and sporozoites are liberated into the haemolymph of the mosquito. They spread throughout the haemolymph and eventually reach the salivary glands and enter the duct of the hypopharyx. The mosquito is now becomes infective and sporozoites get inoculated or injected the human blood when the mosquito bites. The cycle is repeated. In mosquito whole sexual cycle is completed in 10-12 days.Incubation period: The period between infection and the appearance of first symptoms is called incubation period. It is about 10-14 days in Plasmodium vivax. Pre-patent period: The duration between the sign sporozoites infection and the first appearance of parasites in the blood is called as pre-patent period. It takes about 8 days in Plasmodium vivax. Symptoms of malaria • Mouth becomes dry, nausea and loss of desire • Headache, muscular pain and joint pain • get down, febricity (106° F) and sweating all ein truth 48 hours. • Chill to sweating lasts for 8-10 hours. Liver and spleen become enlarged. • cod to loss of RBC’s anaemia is caused. fit of malaria Malaria can be reassureled by three ship canal 1. Destruction of vector 2. Prevention of infection(prophylaxis) 3. Treatment of patient 4. Public awareness 1. Destruction of vector (Anopheles mosquito) †¢ Mosquito can be killed by spraying DDT, BHC, Dieldrin, Malathion and so forth • plectron up ditches, gutters and pits where the mosquito breeds. • Water surface can be poisoned by spreading kerosene oil, petroleum and so on • A speedly flow of water prevents the mosquito larva and pupa flourishing. Biological control: Certain fishes (trouts, minnows, stickle back), ducks, dragon flies and so forthfeed on larva and pupa of mosquito. 2. Prevention of infection (Prophylaxis) • Use of mosquito nets. • covert doors, windows and ventilators. • Using mosquito repellent creams (e. g. odomus), anti mosquito mat (e. g. Supermat) etc. 3. Treatment of patient: There are some(prenominal) doses that kill different stages of parasite in patient. The oldest drug is Quinine; Paludrine kills almost all stages of parasite. Daraprism (single dose of 25 mg) is the most effective drug.Write short note on Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium falciparum causes maligna nt tertian type of malaria. fever reccurs every second or third day, that is, after 36 to 48 hours. Death rate is very high because the infected red blood corpuscles carry to clump into masses, thus blocking up small blood vessels of internal organs, such as brain, spleen, lungs, etc. It is also known as the tropical epidemic malaria of man. Exo-erythrocytic schizogony is absent in P. falciparum. Read more: http://www. hsebguides. com/2012/04/plasmodium-vivax-malarial-parasite. hypertext mark-up language#ixzz2G57xlaK6\r\n'